Difference between revisions of "Hypertension"
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*Blindness. | *Blindness. | ||
== | ==Hypertensive heart disease== | ||
* | ===General=== | ||
*Treated with antihypertensives. | |||
===Gross=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid11151783>{{cite journal |author=Schwartzkopff B, Strauer BE |title=Coronary reserve and arteriolosclerosis in hypertensive heart disease |journal=Z Kardiol |volume=89 Suppl 9 |issue= |pages=IX/132–5 |year=2000 |pmid=11151783 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Left ventricular hypertrophy (concentric). | |||
Notes: | |||
*In the autopsy context, significant [[valvular heart disease]] should be absent. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref name=pmid11151783/> | |||
*Arteriolosclerosis of intramural coronary arteries and arterioles. | |||
**Fibrosis of media. | |||
*Peirarteriolar fibrosis. | |||
==Kidney== | ==Kidney== | ||
Revision as of 01:52, 24 September 2010
Hypertension is very common and affects multiple organs. Clinically, it is usually classified as primary (idiopathic) and secondary.
Brain
Charcôt-Bouchard aneurysms
General
- AKA miliary aneurysms.
- Intracerebral hemorrhages.
Microscopic
Features:[1]
- Small aneurysms (~300 micrometers) with a fusiform shape.
- Vessel wall changes:
- Early:
- Proliferation of arteriolar smooth muscle
- Late:
- Apoptotic smooth muscle cell death and collagen deposition.
- Early:
Image: C-B aneurysm (ucsf.edu).
Eye
- Blindness.
Hypertensive heart disease
General
- Treated with antihypertensives.
Gross
Features:[2]
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (concentric).
Notes:
- In the autopsy context, significant valvular heart disease should be absent.
Microscopic
Features:[2]
- Arteriolosclerosis of intramural coronary arteries and arterioles.
- Fibrosis of media.
- Peirarteriolar fibrosis.
Kidney
General
- May result in renal failure.
Microscopic
Features:[3]
- Fibrinoid necrosis of afferent and interlobular arteries (due to endothelial cell damage).
See also
References
- ↑ Auer RN, Sutherland GR (December 2005). "Primary intracerebral hemorrhage: pathophysiology". Can J Neurol Sci 32 Suppl 2: S3–12. PMID 16450803.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schwartzkopff B, Strauer BE (2000). "Coronary reserve and arteriolosclerosis in hypertensive heart disease". Z Kardiol 89 Suppl 9: IX/132–5. PMID 11151783.
- ↑ Ono H, Ono Y (November 1997). "Nephrosclerosis and hypertension". Med. Clin. North Am. 81 (6): 1273–88. PMID 9356598.