Difference between revisions of "Cortical tuber"
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Cortical tubers are malformative, epilepsy-associated.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cotter | first1 = JA. | title = An update on the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex. | journal = Acta Neuropathol | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Apr | year = 2019 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-019-02003-1 | PMID = 30976976 }}</ref> | *Cortical tubers are malformative, epilepsy-associated.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cotter | first1 = JA. | title = An update on the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex. | journal = Acta Neuropathol | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Apr | year = 2019 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-019-02003-1 | PMID = 30976976 }}</ref> | ||
*Seen in 80-90% of the TSC cases. | |||
*Gyrus is usu. thickened, raised, and occasionally dimpled. | |||
*Giant cells, dysmorphic neurons, disrupted cortical lamination, gliosis, calcifications. | |||
*Ballon cells are Vim+ve, MAP2+ve, Nestin+ve, GFAP+/-ve, NeuN+/-ve. | |||
*TSC2 has larger and more numerous tubers.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Overwater | first1 = IE. | last2 = Swenker | first2 = R. | last3 = van der Ende | first3 = EL. | last4 = Hanemaayer | first4 = KB. | last5 = Hoogeveen-Westerveld | first5 = M. | last6 = van Eeghen | first6 = AM. | last7 = Lequin | first7 = MH. | last8 = van den Ouweland | first8 = AM. | last9 = Moll | first9 = HA. | title = Genotype and brain pathology phenotype in children with tuberous sclerosis complex. | journal = Eur J Hum Genet | volume = 24 | issue = 12 | pages = 1688-1695 | month = 12 | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2016.85 | PMID = 27406250 }}</ref> | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Tuber_GFAP_20191014_012.jpg|GFAP sparing dysmorphic ballon cells. | |||
</gallery> | |||
==DDx== | ==DDx== | ||
* Focal cortical dysplasia ILAE type IIB (Tubers are usu. multifocal). | * [[Focal cortical dysplasia]] ILAE type IIB (Tubers are usu. multifocal). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||