Difference between revisions of "Adrenal gland"
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Adrenal insuff. may be immediately post-op.<ref>URL: [http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/62/5/1516 http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/62/5/1516]. Accessed on: 21 August 2010.</ref> | Adrenal insuff. may be immediately post-op.<ref>URL: [http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/62/5/1516 http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/62/5/1516]. Accessed on: 21 August 2010.</ref> | ||
=Benign= | |||
==Spironolactone bodies== | |||
Features:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kovacs K, Horvath E, Singer W |title=Fine structure and morphogenesis of spironolactone bodies in the zona glomerulosa of the human adrenal cortex |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=26 |issue=12 |pages=949-57 |year=1973 |month=December |pmid=4131694 |pmc=477936 |doi= |url=http://jcp.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=4131694}}</ref> | Features:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kovacs K, Horvath E, Singer W |title=Fine structure and morphogenesis of spironolactone bodies in the zona glomerulosa of the human adrenal cortex |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=26 |issue=12 |pages=949-57 |year=1973 |month=December |pmid=4131694 |pmc=477936 |doi= |url=http://jcp.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=4131694}}</ref> | ||
*Location: zona glomerulosa (where aldosterone is produced). | *Location: zona glomerulosa (where aldosterone is produced). | ||
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spironolactone_bodies.png SB (circled) - cropped high mag. (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spironolactone_bodies.png SB (circled) - cropped high mag. (WC)]. | ||
==Hemorrhagic adrenalitis== | |||
===General=== | |||
*[[AKA]] ''Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome''. | |||
*Classically thought to be only due to ''Neisseria meningitidis''; however, more recently also associated with ''Streptococcus aureus''.<ref name=pmid16177250>{{cite journal |author=Adem PV, Montgomery CP, Husain AN, ''et al.'' |title=Staphylococcus aureus sepsis and the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome in children |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=353 |issue=12 |pages=1245–51 |year=2005 |month=September |pmid=16177250 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa044194 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid14747454>{{cite journal |author=Hamilton D, Harris MD, Foweraker J, Gresham GA |title=Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome as a result of non-meningococcal infection |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=208–9 |year=2004 |month=February |pmid=14747454 |pmc=1770213 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==Gross== | |||
Features: | |||
*Massive haemorrhage within the substance of the adrenal gland. | |||
DDx (autopsy): | |||
*Post-mortem changes. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Massive haemorrhage within the substance of the adrenal gland. | |||
Image: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1770213/figure/f1/ Haemorrhage in adrenal (nih.gov)]. | |||
=Benign neoplasms= | |||
==Adenomas== | ==Adenomas== | ||
Radiology<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/376240-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/376240-overview].</ref> | Radiology<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/376240-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/376240-overview].</ref> | ||
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===Hyperplasia vs. adenoma=== | ===Hyperplasia vs. adenoma=== | ||
*Hyperplasia is multifocal.<ref>IAV. 18 February 2009.</ref> | *Hyperplasia is multifocal.<ref>IAV. 18 February 2009.</ref> | ||
==Adrenal cortical adenoma== | ==Adrenal cortical adenoma== | ||
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See: ''[[Uterine_tumours#Adenomatoid_tumour|Adenomatoid tumours (uterine tumours)]]''. | See: ''[[Uterine_tumours#Adenomatoid_tumour|Adenomatoid tumours (uterine tumours)]]''. | ||
=Malignant neoplasms= | |||
==Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC)== | ==Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC)== | ||
Epidemiology: | Epidemiology: | ||
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*See: ''[[Small round cell tumours]]''. | *See: ''[[Small round cell tumours]]''. | ||
=See also= | |||
*[[Small round cell tumours]]. | *[[Small round cell tumours]]. | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Endocrine pathology]] | [[Category:Endocrine pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Genitourinary pathology]] | [[Category:Genitourinary pathology]] | ||