Difference between revisions of "Prostate gland"

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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Acute_inflammation_of_prostate.jpg Prostate with acute inflammation (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Acute_inflammation_of_prostate.jpg Prostate with acute inflammation (WC)].


==Chronic inflammation==
==Chronic inflammation not otherwise specified==
===Chronic inflammation not otherwise specified===
===General===
====Common====
*Common.
*Non-specific.
*Non-specific finding.
*Etiology usu. not apparent on histomorphology.
*Etiology usually not apparent on histomorphology.


====Microscopic====
===Microscopic===
Features:
Features:
*Lymphocytes within the glands, between the epithelial cells ''or'' within the stroma - '''key feature'''.
*Lymphocytes within the glands, between the epithelial cells ''or'' within the stroma - '''key feature'''.
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*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inflammation_of_prostate.jpg Prostate with chronic inflammation (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inflammation_of_prostate.jpg Prostate with chronic inflammation (WC)].


===Granulomatous inflammation===
==Granulomatous prostatitis==
====General====
*[[AKA]] ''prostate granuloma''.
===General===
*Common.
*Common.
*Usually secondary to BCG treatment of [[urinary bladder cancer|bladder cancer]].
*Usually secondary to BCG treatment of [[urinary bladder cancer|bladder cancer]].
*Several classifications exist<ref name=pmid17092284>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Uzoh | first1 = CC. | last2 = Uff | first2 = JS. | last3 = Okeke | first3 = AA. | title = Granulomatous prostatitis. | journal = BJU Int | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 510-2 | month = Mar | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06585.x | PMID = 17092284 | URL = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06585.x/full }}</ref> - the most commonly used is by ''Epstein & Hutchins''.
*Several classifications exist<ref name=pmid17092284>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Uzoh | first1 = CC. | last2 = Uff | first2 = JS. | last3 = Okeke | first3 = AA. | title = Granulomatous prostatitis. | journal = BJU Int | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 510-2 | month = Mar | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06585.x | PMID = 17092284 | URL = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06585.x/full }}</ref> - the most commonly used is by ''Epstein & Hutchins''.


=====Epstein & Hutchins classification=====
====Epstein & Hutchins classification====
The groupings:<ref name=pmid6432674>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Epstein | first1 = JI. | last2 = Hutchins | first2 = GM. | title = Granulomatous prostatitis: distinction among allergic, nonspecific, and post-transurethral resection lesions. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 15 | issue = 9 | pages = 818-25 | month = Sep | year = 1984 | doi =  | PMID = 6432674 }}</ref>
The groupings:<ref name=pmid6432674>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Epstein | first1 = JI. | last2 = Hutchins | first2 = GM. | title = Granulomatous prostatitis: distinction among allergic, nonspecific, and post-transurethral resection lesions. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 15 | issue = 9 | pages = 818-25 | month = Sep | year = 1984 | doi =  | PMID = 6432674 }}</ref>
#Non-specific.
#Non-specific.
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#*#[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]].
#*#[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]].


====Microscopic====
===Microscopic===
Features:
Features:
*[[Granulomas]] in the stroma of the prostate.
*[[Granulomas]] in the prostate - '''key feature'''.
**Palisading granulomas with a necrotic core (similar to a [[rheumatoid nodule]]) consistent a prior TURP.<ref name=pmid6703198/>
*+/-Eosinophils.


Images:
Images:
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granulomatous_inflammation_of_bladder_neck.jpg Granulomatous inflammation of the prostate/bladder neck - low mag. (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granulomatous_inflammation_of_bladder_neck.jpg Granulomatous inflammation of the prostate/bladder neck - low mag. (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granulomatous_inflammation_of_bladder_neck_high_mag.jpg Granulomatous inflammation of the prostate/bladder neck - high mag. (WC)].
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Granulomatous_inflammation_of_bladder_neck_high_mag.jpg Granulomatous inflammation of the prostate/bladder neck - high mag. (WC)].
===Stains===
*[[GMS stain]].
*[[Ziehl-Neelsen stain]].
Note:
*Stains are indicated when there is a suspicion of an infective etiology based on histomorphology or clinical information (e.g. immunosuppression).


==Atrophy of the prostate==
==Atrophy of the prostate==