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| {{ Infobox diagnosis
| | '''Cystic nephroma''' refers to two morphologically identical tumours with different molecular changes: |
| | Name = {{PAGENAME}}
| | *[[Cystic nephroma, adult type]] - do '''not''' have DICER1 mutations. |
| | Image = Cystic nephroma - alt -- high mag.jpg
| | *[[Cystic nephroma, pediatric type]] - generally have DICER1 mutations, as seen in [[DICER1 syndrome]]. |
| | Width =
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| | Caption = Micrograph of cystic nephroma showing the characteristic stroma and hobnailed epithelium. [[H&E stain]].
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| | Synonyms =
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| | Micro = cysts lined by simple epithelium with hobnailing, stroma has an ovarian look (blue, spindle cells)
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| | Subtypes =
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| | LMDDx = [[mixed epithelial stromal tumour]], [[localized cystic disease of the kidney]]
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| | Stains =
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| | IHC = ER +ve, PR +ve, CD10 +ve
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| | EM =
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| | Molecular =
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| | IF =
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| | Gross = bubble wrap-like appearance
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| | Grossing =
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| | Site = [[kidney]] - see ''[[kidney tumours]]''
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| | Assdx =
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| | Syndromes =
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| | Clinicalhx =
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| | Signs =
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| | Symptoms =
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| | Prevalence = rare
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| | Bloodwork =
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| | Rads =
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| | Endoscopy =
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| | Prognosis = benign
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| | Other =
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| | ClinDDx = other cystic kidney tumours
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| | Tx =
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| }}
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| '''Cystic nephroma''' is a rare, benign [[kidney tumours|kidney tumour]]. | |
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| Turbiner ''et al.''<ref name=pmid17414095>{{Cite journal | last1 = Turbiner | first1 = J. | last2 = Amin | first2 = MB. | last3 = Humphrey | first3 = PA. | last4 = Srigley | first4 = JR. | last5 = De Leval | first5 = L. | last6 = Radhakrishnan | first6 = A. | last7 = Oliva | first7 = E. | title = Cystic nephroma and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of kidney: a detailed clinicopathologic analysis of 34 cases and proposal for renal epithelial and stromal tumor (REST) as a unifying term. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 31 | issue = 4 | pages = 489-500 | month = Apr | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31802bdd56 | PMID = 17414095 }}</ref> have suggested that ''cystic nephroma'' and ''[[mixed epithelial and stromal tumour]] (MEST)'' are one tumour; the lumping term is ''[[renal epithelial and stromal tumour]]'' (abbreviated ''REST'').
| | {{disambiguation}} |
| | | [[Category:Genitourinary pathology]] |
| ==General==
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| *Rare.<ref name=pmid20427881>{{Cite journal | last1 = Mohanty | first1 = D. | last2 = Jain | first2 = BK. | last3 = Agrawal | first3 = V. | last4 = Gupta | first4 = A. | title = Cystic nephroma: a diagnostic dilemma. | journal = Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl | volume = 21 | issue = 3 | pages = 518-20 | month = May | year = 2010 | doi = | PMID = 20427881 }}</ref>
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| *Good prognosis/benign.<ref name=pmid20427881/><ref name=pmid19172100/>
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| *Considered to be on a spectrum with ''cystic partially differentiated [[nephroblastoma]]'' and ''[[Wilms tumour]].<ref name=pmid19172100>{{Cite journal | last1 = van den Hoek | first1 = J. | last2 = de Krijger | first2 = R. | last3 = van de Ven | first3 = K. | last4 = Lequin | first4 = M. | last5 = van den Heuvel-Eibrink | first5 = MM. | title = Cystic nephroma, cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma and cystic Wilms' tumor in children: a spectrum with therapeutic dilemmas. | journal = Urol Int | volume = 82 | issue = 1 | pages = 65-70 | month = | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1159/000176028 | PMID = 19172100 }}</ref>
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| ==Gross==
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| *Bubble wrap-like appearance.
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| ===Image===
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Bubble_Wrap.jpg| Bubble wrap. (WC)
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| </gallery>
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| www:
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| *[http://www.sjkdt.org/viewimage.asp?img=SaudiJKidneyDisTranspl_2010_21_3_518_62699_u2.jpg Cystic nephroma (sjkdt.org)].<ref name=pmid20427881/>
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| ==Microscopic==
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| Features:
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| *Cysts lined by simple epithelium with hobnailing - '''key feature'''.
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| *Stroma has an ovarian look:
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| **''Blue'' (basophilic).
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| **''Spindle cells''.
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| Notes:
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| *Parenchymal elements (e.g. glomueruli, tubules) are not found in the septa between the cysts.
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| DDx:
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| *[[Mixed epithelial stromal tumour]].
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| *[[Localized cystic disease of the kidney]].
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| ===Images===
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| ====Case 1====
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Cystic_nephroma_low_mag.jpg |Cystic nephroma - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image:Cystic_nephroma_intermed_mag.jpg |Cystic nephroma - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| </gallery>
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| ====Case 2====
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| <gallery>
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| Image: Cystic nephroma -- low mag.jpg | CN - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma -- intermed mag.jpg | CN - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma -- high mag.jpg | CN - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma - alt -- high mag.jpg | CN - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma -- very high mag.jpg | CN - very high mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma - a -- low mag.jpg | CN - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma - b -- low mag.jpg | CN - low mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma - b -- intermed mag.jpg | CN - intermed. mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| Image: Cystic nephroma - b -- high mag.jpg | CN - high mag. (WC/Nephron)
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| </gallery>
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| ==IHC==
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| Features:
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| *ER +ve.
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| *PR +ve.
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| *CD10 +ve.
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Kidney tumours]].
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Diagnosis]]
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| [[Category:Kidney tumours]] | |
