Difference between revisions of "Eyelid"
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[[Image: Closed human eye, superior view.jpg|thumb|right|A photograph showing the superior eyelid. (WC/Rapidreflex)]] | |||
[[Image:Syringoma -- low mag.jpg|thumb|right|A [[micrograph]] showing a [[syringoma]]. These are typically lower eyelid tumours. [[H&E stain]].]] | |||
The '''eyelid''' is occasionally sent to [[pathology]]. Information about the eye is found in the ''[[eye]]'' article. | The '''eyelid''' is occasionally sent to [[pathology]]. Information about the eye is found in the ''[[eye]]'' article. | ||
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*Eyelid lesions are usually benign. | *Eyelid lesions are usually benign. | ||
**In a series of 1,541 cases only 22 were malignant.<ref name=pmid26028084>{{Cite journal | last1 = Gundogan | first1 = FC. | last2 = Yolcu | first2 = U. | last3 = Tas | first3 = A. | last4 = Sahin | first4 = OF. | last5 = Uzun | first5 = S. | last6 = Cermik | first6 = H. | last7 = Ozaydin | first7 = S. | last8 = Ilhan | first8 = A. | last9 = Altun | first9 = S. | title = Eyelid tumors: clinical data from an eye center in Ankara, Turkey. | journal = Asian Pac J Cancer Prev | volume = 16 | issue = 10 | pages = 4265-9 | month = | year = 2015 | doi = | PMID = 26028084 }}</ref> | **In a series of 1,541 cases only 22 were malignant.<ref name=pmid26028084>{{Cite journal | last1 = Gundogan | first1 = FC. | last2 = Yolcu | first2 = U. | last3 = Tas | first3 = A. | last4 = Sahin | first4 = OF. | last5 = Uzun | first5 = S. | last6 = Cermik | first6 = H. | last7 = Ozaydin | first7 = S. | last8 = Ilhan | first8 = A. | last9 = Altun | first9 = S. | title = Eyelid tumors: clinical data from an eye center in Ankara, Turkey. | journal = Asian Pac J Cancer Prev | volume = 16 | issue = 10 | pages = 4265-9 | month = | year = 2015 | doi = | PMID = 26028084 }}</ref> | ||
**21 were [[basal cell carcinoma]] | ***21 were [[basal cell carcinoma]] | ||
**One was [[squamous carcinoma]]. | ***One was [[squamous carcinoma]]. | ||
===Common lesions=== | |||
The most common lesion - as per a large series of 1,541 cases:<ref name=pmid26028084/> | |||
*[[Squamous papilloma]]. | |||
*[[Nevus]]. | |||
*[[Seborrheic keratosis]]. | |||
*Hydrocystomas. | |||
*[[Xanthelasma]]. | |||
*[[Epidermal cyst]]. | |||
==Malignant tumours of the eyelid== | |||
Malignant eyelid tumour in order of frequency:<ref name=pmid9488271>{{cite journal |authors=Margo CE, Mulla ZD |title=Malignant tumors of the eyelid: a population-based study of non-basal cell and non-squamous cell malignant neoplasms |journal=Arch Ophthalmol |volume=116 |issue=2 |pages=195–8 |date=February 1998 |pmid=9488271 |doi=10.1001/archopht.116.2.195 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Basal cell carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Malignant melanoma]]. | |||
*[[Sebaceous carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Lymphoma]]s. | |||
*[[Merkel cell carcinoma]]. | |||
*Mucinous adenocarcinoma. | |||
*Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified. | |||
*Adnexal carcinoma not otherwise specified. | |||
*Sweat gland carcinoma. | |||
=Specific entities= | =Specific entities= | ||
==Xanthelasma== | ==Xanthelasma== | ||
* | *''Xanthelasma palpebrarum'' redirects here. | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*~8% of eyelid tumours in one series.<ref name=pmid26028084/> | *~8% of eyelid tumours in one series.<ref name=pmid26028084/> | ||
*Type of [[xanthoma]].<ref name=pmid25949023>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pathania | first1 = V. | last2 = Chatterjee | first2 = M. | title = Ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser ablation of xanthelasma palpebrarum: a case series. | journal = J Cutan Aesthet Surg | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 46-9 | month = | year = | doi = 10.4103/0974-2077.155084 | PMID = 25949023 }}</ref> | *Type of [[xanthoma]].<ref name=pmid25949023>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pathania | first1 = V. | last2 = Chatterjee | first2 = M. | title = Ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser ablation of xanthelasma palpebrarum: a case series. | journal = J Cutan Aesthet Surg | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 46-9 | month = | year = | doi = 10.4103/0974-2077.155084 | PMID = 25949023 }}</ref> | ||
**It is said that a ''xanthoma'' can be anywhere. If it is on the eyelid it is a ''xanthelasma''; a ''xanthelasma'' is a xanthoma of the eyelid.<ref>URL: [https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/xanthelasma https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/xanthelasma]. Accessed on: May 1, 2023.</ref> | |||
*Associated with increased serum lipid levels.<ref name=pmid23503059>{{Cite journal | last1 = Rubinstein | first1 = TJ. | last2 = Mehta | first2 = MP. | last3 = Schoenfield | first3 = L. | last4 = Perry | first4 = JD. | title = Orbital xanthogranuloma in an adult patient with xanthelasma palpebrarum and hypercholesterolemia. | journal = Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = e6-8 | month = | year = | doi = 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182873d13 | PMID = 23503059 }}</ref> | |||
**Incidence of elevated cholesterol is higher in younger patients.<ref name=Ref_Derm628>{{Ref Derm|628}}</ref> | |||
===Gross=== | |||
*Exophytic lesion (on eyelid or around it) - classically yellow. | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Skin tag]]. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
| Line 21: | Line 54: | ||
DDx: | DDx: | ||
*[[Fibroepithelial polyp]]. | *[[Fibroepithelial polyp]]. | ||
===Sign out=== | |||
<pre> | |||
Eyelid, Lesion Right Upper Lid, Excision: | |||
- Benign skin tag with rare foamy histiocytes in keeping with an early xanthelasma. | |||
- NEGATIVE for malignancy. | |||
Comment: | |||
Xanthelasma may be associated with metabolic abnormalities. A lipid profile is suggested if not done recently. | |||
</pre> | |||
==Chalazion== | |||
{{Main|Chalazion}} | |||
==Syringoma== | |||
{{Main|Syringoma}} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 03:43, 1 November 2024
The eyelid is occasionally sent to pathology. Information about the eye is found in the eye article.
General
- Eyelid lesions are usually benign.
- In a series of 1,541 cases only 22 were malignant.[1]
- 21 were basal cell carcinoma
- One was squamous carcinoma.
- In a series of 1,541 cases only 22 were malignant.[1]
Common lesions
The most common lesion - as per a large series of 1,541 cases:[1]
- Squamous papilloma.
- Nevus.
- Seborrheic keratosis.
- Hydrocystomas.
- Xanthelasma.
- Epidermal cyst.
Malignant tumours of the eyelid
Malignant eyelid tumour in order of frequency:[2]
- Basal cell carcinoma.
- Squamous cell carcinoma.
- Malignant melanoma.
- Sebaceous carcinoma.
- Lymphomas.
- Merkel cell carcinoma.
- Mucinous adenocarcinoma.
- Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified.
- Adnexal carcinoma not otherwise specified.
- Sweat gland carcinoma.
Specific entities
Xanthelasma
- Xanthelasma palpebrarum redirects here.
General
- ~8% of eyelid tumours in one series.[1]
- Type of xanthoma.[3]
- It is said that a xanthoma can be anywhere. If it is on the eyelid it is a xanthelasma; a xanthelasma is a xanthoma of the eyelid.[4]
- Associated with increased serum lipid levels.[5]
- Incidence of elevated cholesterol is higher in younger patients.[6]
Gross
- Exophytic lesion (on eyelid or around it) - classically yellow.
DDx:
Microscopic
Features:
- Collection of foamy histiocytes within the dermis.
DDx:
Sign out
Eyelid, Lesion Right Upper Lid, Excision: - Benign skin tag with rare foamy histiocytes in keeping with an early xanthelasma. - NEGATIVE for malignancy. Comment: Xanthelasma may be associated with metabolic abnormalities. A lipid profile is suggested if not done recently.
Chalazion
Main article: Chalazion
Syringoma
Main article: Syringoma
See also
- Eye.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gundogan, FC.; Yolcu, U.; Tas, A.; Sahin, OF.; Uzun, S.; Cermik, H.; Ozaydin, S.; Ilhan, A. et al. (2015). "Eyelid tumors: clinical data from an eye center in Ankara, Turkey.". Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 16 (10): 4265-9. PMID 26028084.
- ↑ Margo CE, Mulla ZD (February 1998). "Malignant tumors of the eyelid: a population-based study of non-basal cell and non-squamous cell malignant neoplasms". Arch Ophthalmol 116 (2): 195–8. doi:10.1001/archopht.116.2.195. PMID 9488271.
- ↑ Pathania, V.; Chatterjee, M.. "Ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser ablation of xanthelasma palpebrarum: a case series.". J Cutan Aesthet Surg 8 (1): 46-9. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.155084. PMID 25949023.
- ↑ URL: https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/xanthelasma. Accessed on: May 1, 2023.
- ↑ Rubinstein, TJ.; Mehta, MP.; Schoenfield, L.; Perry, JD.. "Orbital xanthogranuloma in an adult patient with xanthelasma palpebrarum and hypercholesterolemia.". Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 30 (1): e6-8. doi:10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182873d13. PMID 23503059.
- ↑ Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 628. ISBN 978-0443066542.