Difference between revisions of "CDX2"

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'''CDX2''' is a commonly used [[immunostain]].
{{ Infobox immunostain
| Name      = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image      = Thyroid PapillaryCarcinoma CribriformMorularVariant CDX2 HP 13BR***.jpg
| Width      =
| Caption    = CDX2 immunostaining in the [[papillary thyroid carcinoma cribriform morular variant]].
| Abbrev    = CDX2
| Synonyms  =
| Similar    =
| Clones    =     
| Use        =
| Subspecial = 
| Pattern    = nuclear
| Positive  = colorectal adenocarcinoma, small bowel adenocarcinoma, [[yolk sac tumour]], [[ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma]]
| Negative  = [[lung adenocarcinoma]]
| Other      =
}}
'''CDX2''' is a commonly used [[immunostain]] in pathology. It is a nuclear stain.


==Normal==
==Normal==
*Intestinal epithelium.<ref name=pmid14668551>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Groisman | first1 = GM. | last2 = Meir | first2 = A. | last3 = Sabo | first3 = E. | title = The value of Cdx2 immunostaining in differentiating primary ovarian carcinomas from colonic carcinomas metastatic to the ovaries. | journal = Int J Gynecol Pathol | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 52-7 | month = Jan | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1097/01.pgp.0000101141.31270.a0 | PMID = 14668551 }}</ref>
*Intestinal epithelium.<ref name=pmid14668551>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Groisman | first1 = GM. | last2 = Meir | first2 = A. | last3 = Sabo | first3 = E. | title = The value of Cdx2 immunostaining in differentiating primary ovarian carcinomas from colonic carcinomas metastatic to the ovaries. | journal = Int J Gynecol Pathol | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 52-7 | month = Jan | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1097/01.pgp.0000101141.31270.a0 | PMID = 14668551 }}</ref>
*Pancreatic ducts.<ref name=pmid13679455>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Moskaluk | first1 = CA. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = H. | last3 = Powell | first3 = SM. | last4 = Cerilli | first4 = LA. | last5 = Hampton | first5 = GM. | last6 = Frierson | first6 = HF. | title = Cdx2 protein expression in normal and malignant human tissues: an immunohistochemical survey using tissue microarrays. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume = 16 | issue = 9 | pages = 913-9 | month = Sep | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1097/01.MP.0000086073.92773.55 | PMID = 13679455 }}
</ref>


==Pathology==
==Pathology==
*Intestinal adenocarcinomas +ve.
===Positive===
**[[Colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
*Intestinal adenocarcinomas.
*[[Ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma]] +ve.<ref name=pmid14668551/>
**[[Colorectal adenocarcinoma]] ~ 90% of cases.<ref name=pmid13679455/>
*[[Neuroendocrine tumours]].<ref name=pmid15640551>{{cite journal |authors=Erickson LA, Papouchado B, Dimashkieh H, Zhang S, Nakamura N, Lloyd RV |title=Cdx2 as a marker for neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary sites |journal=Endocr Pathol |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=247–52 |date=2004 |pmid=15640551 |doi=10.1385/ep:15:3:247 |url=}}</ref>
 
====Sometimes positive====
*[[Stomach adenocarcinoma]] ~20-30% of cases.<ref name=pmid13679455/>
*[[Esophageal adenocarcinoma]] ~20-30% of cases.<ref name=pmid13679455/>
*[[Ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma]]<ref name=pmid14668551/> ~20-30% of cases.<ref name=pmid13679455/>
*[[Endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma]] ~20-30% of cases.<ref name=pmid13679455/>
*[[Yolk sac tumour]] (8 +ve of 20 cases<ref name=pmid19578052>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Pasha | first2 = T. | last3 = Tomaszewski | first3 = JE. | last4 = Zhang | first4 = P. | title = CDX2 expression in yolk sac component of testicular germ cell tumors. | journal = Int J Surg Pathol | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 373-7 | month = Oct | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1177/1066896909338598 | PMID = 19578052 }}</ref>).
*[[Small bowel]] adenocarcinoma +ve/-ve (~43% +ve in series of 189 cases<ref name=pmid24603585>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Jun | first1 = SY. | last2 = Eom | first2 = DW. | last3 = Park | first3 = H. | last4 = Bae | first4 = YK. | last5 = Jang | first5 = KT. | last6 = Yu | first6 = E. | last7 = Hong | first7 = SM. | title = Prognostic significance of CDX2 and mucin expression in small intestinal adenocarcinoma. | journal = Mod Pathol | volume =  | issue =  | pages =  | month = Mar | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.2014.36 | PMID = 24603585 }}</ref>).
 
===Negative===
*[[Lung adenocarcinoma]] -ve.
**<5% +ve in 20 cases.<ref name=pmid17549351>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Tanaka | first1 = S. | last2 = Saito | first2 = K. | last3 = Ito | first3 = T. | last4 = Tajima | first4 = K. | last5 = Mogi | first5 = A. | last6 = Shitara | first6 = Y. | last7 = Sano | first7 = T. | last8 = Kuwano | first8 = H. | title = CDX2 as a useful marker of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to lung in pre-operative biopsy specimens. | journal = Oncol Rep | volume = 18 | issue = 1 | pages = 87-92 | month = Jul | year = 2007 | doi =  | PMID = 17549351 }}</ref>
**~12% of 93 cases +ve, all positive cases TTF-1 +ve and napsin A +ve.<ref name=pmid26469326>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cowan | first1 = ML. | last2 = Li | first2 = QK. | last3 = Illei | first3 = PB. | title = CDX-2 Expression in Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma. | journal = Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol | volume = 24 | issue = 1 | pages = 16-9 | month = Jan | year = 2016 | doi = 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000250 | PMID = 26469326 }}</ref>
*[[Choroid plexus papilloma]]s -ve (0 in 65 cases<ref name=pmid19795349>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Beschorner | first1 = R. | last2 = Mittelbronn | first2 = M. | last3 = Mugler | first3 = M. | last4 = Meyermann | first4 = R. | last5 = Schittenhelm | first5 = J. | title = Immunohistochemical analysis of CDX2 expression in normal choroid plexus epithelium and choroid plexus tumors. | journal = Histol Histopathol | volume = 24 | issue = 12 | pages = 1507-14 | month = Dec | year = 2009 | doi =  | PMID = 19795349 }}</ref>).
*[[Pituitary adenoma]] & [[Craniopharyngioma]] (0 in 75 and 0 in 23 cases <ref name=pmid20602288> {{Cite journal  | last1 = Schittenhelm | first1 = J. | last2 = Psaras | first2 = T. | last3 = Meyermann | first3 = R. | last4 = Honegger | first4 = J. | last5 = Beschorner | first5 = R. | title = Pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas are CDX2 negative neoplasms. | journal = Folia Neuropathol | volume = 48 | issue = 2 | pages = 75-80 | month =  | year = 2010 | doi =  | PMID = 20602288 }}</ref>).


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 22:41, 27 January 2023

CDX2
Immunostain in short

CDX2 immunostaining in the papillary thyroid carcinoma cribriform morular variant.
Abbreviation CDX2
Normal staining pattern nuclear
Positive colorectal adenocarcinoma, small bowel adenocarcinoma, yolk sac tumour, ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma
Negative lung adenocarcinoma

CDX2 is a commonly used immunostain in pathology. It is a nuclear stain.

Normal

  • Intestinal epithelium.[1]
  • Pancreatic ducts.[2]

Pathology

Positive

Sometimes positive

Negative

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Groisman, GM.; Meir, A.; Sabo, E. (Jan 2004). "The value of Cdx2 immunostaining in differentiating primary ovarian carcinomas from colonic carcinomas metastatic to the ovaries.". Int J Gynecol Pathol 23 (1): 52-7. doi:10.1097/01.pgp.0000101141.31270.a0. PMID 14668551.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Moskaluk, CA.; Zhang, H.; Powell, SM.; Cerilli, LA.; Hampton, GM.; Frierson, HF. (Sep 2003). "Cdx2 protein expression in normal and malignant human tissues: an immunohistochemical survey using tissue microarrays.". Mod Pathol 16 (9): 913-9. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000086073.92773.55. PMID 13679455.
  3. ↑ Erickson LA, Papouchado B, Dimashkieh H, Zhang S, Nakamura N, Lloyd RV (2004). "Cdx2 as a marker for neuroendocrine tumors of unknown primary sites". Endocr Pathol 15 (3): 247–52. doi:10.1385/ep:15:3:247. PMID 15640551.
  4. ↑ Bing, Z.; Pasha, T.; Tomaszewski, JE.; Zhang, P. (Oct 2009). "CDX2 expression in yolk sac component of testicular germ cell tumors.". Int J Surg Pathol 17 (5): 373-7. doi:10.1177/1066896909338598. PMID 19578052.
  5. ↑ Jun, SY.; Eom, DW.; Park, H.; Bae, YK.; Jang, KT.; Yu, E.; Hong, SM. (Mar 2014). "Prognostic significance of CDX2 and mucin expression in small intestinal adenocarcinoma.". Mod Pathol. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2014.36. PMID 24603585.
  6. ↑ Tanaka, S.; Saito, K.; Ito, T.; Tajima, K.; Mogi, A.; Shitara, Y.; Sano, T.; Kuwano, H. (Jul 2007). "CDX2 as a useful marker of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to lung in pre-operative biopsy specimens.". Oncol Rep 18 (1): 87-92. PMID 17549351.
  7. ↑ Cowan, ML.; Li, QK.; Illei, PB. (Jan 2016). "CDX-2 Expression in Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma.". Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 24 (1): 16-9. doi:10.1097/PAI.0000000000000250. PMID 26469326.
  8. ↑ Beschorner, R.; Mittelbronn, M.; Mugler, M.; Meyermann, R.; Schittenhelm, J. (Dec 2009). "Immunohistochemical analysis of CDX2 expression in normal choroid plexus epithelium and choroid plexus tumors.". Histol Histopathol 24 (12): 1507-14. PMID 19795349.
  9. ↑ Schittenhelm, J.; Psaras, T.; Meyermann, R.; Honegger, J.; Beschorner, R. (2010). "Pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas are CDX2 negative neoplasms.". Folia Neuropathol 48 (2): 75-80. PMID 20602288.
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