Difference between revisions of "Epidermal inclusion cyst"

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{{ Infobox diagnosis
| Name      = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image      = Epidermal_inclusion_cyst_--_high_mag.jpg
| Width      =
| Caption    = Epidermal inclusion cyst. [[H&E stain]].
| Micro      = cyst lining by a stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer - contains keratin; no significant nuclear atypia; +/-[[granuloma|granulomatous inflammation]] (due to rupture)
| Subtypes  =
| LMDDx      = [[pilar cyst]], [[eccrine hidrocystoma]] (eyelid), [[dermoid cyst]], cystic [[squamous cell carcinoma of the skin|squamous cell carcinoma]], [[keratoacanthoma]], [[dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans]], hybrid epidermoid and trichilemmal cyst
| Stains    =
| IHC        =
| EM        =
| Molecular  =
| IF        =
| Gross      = nodule +/-yellow colour
| Grossing  =
| Site      = [[skin]]
| Assdx      =
| Syndromes  =
| Clinicalhx =
| Signs      =
| Symptoms  =
| Prevalence = very common
| Bloodwork  =
| Rads      =
| Endoscopy  =
| Prognosis  = benign
| Other      =
| ClinDDx    = other [[skin cysts]], [[gouty tophus]]
}}
'''Epidermal inclusion cyst''', abbreviated '''EIC''', is a very common [[skin]] pathology. It is also know as '''epidermal cyst''', '''epidermoid cyst''',<ref name=Ref_Derm302>{{Ref Derm|302}}</ref> and '''follicular cyst, infundibular type'''.
'''Epidermal inclusion cyst''', abbreviated '''EIC''', is a very common [[skin]] pathology. It is also know as '''epidermal cyst''', '''epidermoid cyst''',<ref name=Ref_Derm302>{{Ref Derm|302}}</ref> and '''follicular cyst, infundibular type'''.
''Testicular epidermoid cyst'' is dealt with separately in ''[[epidermoid cyst of the testis]]''.


==General==
==General==
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*[[Pilar cyst]] - indistinguishable on gross.<ref name=dermis36946>URL: [http://www.dermis.net/dermisroot/en/36946/diagnose.htm http://www.dermis.net/dermisroot/en/36946/diagnose.htm]. Accessed on: 2 November 2012.</ref>
*[[Pilar cyst]] - indistinguishable on gross.<ref name=dermis36946>URL: [http://www.dermis.net/dermisroot/en/36946/diagnose.htm http://www.dermis.net/dermisroot/en/36946/diagnose.htm]. Accessed on: 2 November 2012.</ref>
*[[Melanoma]].<ref name=pmid18201468/>
*[[Melanoma]].<ref name=pmid18201468/>
*[[Gouty tophus]].


===Image===
===Image===
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Image:Inflamed_epidermal_inclusion_cyst.jpg |Epidermal inclusion cyst. (WC)
Image:Inflamed_epidermal_inclusion_cyst.jpg |Epidermal inclusion cyst. (WC)
</gallery>
</gallery>
===Microscopic===
==Microscopic==
Features:
Features:
*Cyst lining has a granular layer - '''key feature'''.<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058907-diagnosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058907-diagnosis]. Accessed on: 18 March 2011.</ref>  
*Cyst lining by a stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer - '''key feature'''.<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058907-diagnosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058907-diagnosis]. Accessed on: 18 March 2011.</ref>  
*Trapped collagen bundles at edge of lesion with surrounded by fibroblasts.
**No significant nuclear atypia.
*Keratin.
**Contains keratin - acellular, lamellar appearance.
*+/-[[granuloma|Granulomatous inflammation]] due to rupture.
*+/-[[granuloma|Granulomatous inflammation]] due to rupture.


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===Images===
===Images===
<gallery>
Image: Epidermal inclusion cyst -- intermed mag.jpg | EIC - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image: Epidermal inclusion cyst -- high mag.jpg | EIC - high mag. (WC)
Image: Epidermal inclusion cyst -- very high mag.jpg | EIC - very high mag. (WC)
</gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Dermoid cyst intracranial.jpg | Dermoid cyst - intracranial. (WC)
</gallery>
www:
www:
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/euthman/5517587941/in/photostream/ Epidermal inclusion cyst (flickr.com)].
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/euthman/5517587941/in/photostream/ Epidermal inclusion cyst (flickr.com)].
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===Ruptured===
===Ruptured===
<pre>
Lesion, Left Elbow, Excision:
- Benign epidermal inclusion cyst with evidence of rupture.
</pre>
====Block letters====
<pre>
<pre>
SKIN LESION, RIGHT CHEEK, EXCISION:
SKIN LESION, RIGHT CHEEK, EXCISION:
- RUPTURED EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.
- RUPTURED EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.
</pre>
===Overlying skin===
<pre>
SKIN LESION (QUERY CYST), RIGHT JAW, EXCISION:
- EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.
- BENIGN (OVERLYING) SKIN WITH SOLAR ELASTOSIS.
- NEGATIVE FOR DYSPLASIA AND NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
===Not quite a cyst===
<pre>
"CYST", LEFT INDEX FINGER, EXCISION:
- LARGE (CYST-LIKE) EPIDERMAL INVAGINATION CONTAINING KERATIN.
- DERMAL SCAR.
- MINIMAL (NONSPECIFIC) PERIVASCULAR INFLAMMATION.
- NO DEFINITE CYST APPARENT.
- NEGATIVE FOR DYSPLASIA AND NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.
</pre>
</pre>


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==See also==
==See also==
[[Dermal cysts]].
*[[Dermal cysts]].
*[[Epidermoid cyst of the testis]].
*[[Cholesteatoma]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 13:32, 29 December 2016

Epidermal inclusion cyst
Diagnosis in short

Epidermal inclusion cyst. H&E stain.
LM cyst lining by a stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer - contains keratin; no significant nuclear atypia; +/-granulomatous inflammation (due to rupture)
LM DDx pilar cyst, eccrine hidrocystoma (eyelid), dermoid cyst, cystic squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, hybrid epidermoid and trichilemmal cyst
Gross nodule +/-yellow colour
Site skin
Prevalence very common
Prognosis benign
Clin. DDx other skin cysts, gouty tophus

Epidermal inclusion cyst, abbreviated EIC, is a very common skin pathology. It is also know as epidermal cyst, epidermoid cyst,[1] and follicular cyst, infundibular type.

Testicular epidermoid cyst is dealt with separately in epidermoid cyst of the testis.

General

  • Very common.
  • The clinical term is sebaceous cyst.
    • This is a misnomer as they contain keratin (not sebum).[2][3]
    • The term may be used to refer to a pilar cyst.

Gross

Features:[4]

DDx:

Image

  • Epidermal inclusion cyst. (WC)

Microscopic

Features:

  • Cyst lining by a stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer - key feature.[5]
    • No significant nuclear atypia.
    • Contains keratin - acellular, lamellar appearance.
  • +/-Granulomatous inflammation due to rupture.

DDx:

Images

  • EIC - intermed. mag. (WC)

  • EIC - high mag. (WC)

  • EIC - very high mag. (WC)

  • Dermoid cyst - intracranial. (WC)

www:

Sign out

SKIN CYST, BACK, EXCISION: 
- EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.

Ruptured

Lesion, Left Elbow, Excision:
- Benign epidermal inclusion cyst with evidence of rupture.

Block letters

SKIN LESION, RIGHT CHEEK, EXCISION:
- RUPTURED EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.

Overlying skin

SKIN LESION (QUERY CYST), RIGHT JAW, EXCISION:
- EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYST.
- BENIGN (OVERLYING) SKIN WITH SOLAR ELASTOSIS.
- NEGATIVE FOR DYSPLASIA AND NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

Not quite a cyst

"CYST", LEFT INDEX FINGER, EXCISION:
- LARGE (CYST-LIKE) EPIDERMAL INVAGINATION CONTAINING KERATIN.
- DERMAL SCAR.
- MINIMAL (NONSPECIFIC) PERIVASCULAR INFLAMMATION.
- NO DEFINITE CYST APPARENT.
- NEGATIVE FOR DYSPLASIA AND NEGATIVE FOR MALIGNANCY.

Micro

The sections show hair-bearing skin with a cyst that is lined by squamous epithelium with a granular layer. The cyst contains keratin. The overlying epithelium is unremarkable.

Ruptured

The sections show hair-bearing skin with a cyst that is lined by squamous epithelium with a granular layer. The cyst contains keratin. A mixed inflammatory infiltrate (predominantly lymphocytes and plasma cells) surround the cyst. Neutrophils infiltrate the cyst lining and are admixed with the keratin within its core.

The lesion appears to be completely excised in the plane of section. Hair follicles are adjacent to the lesion; however, they are not inflamed. The overlying epithelium is unremarkable.

Ruptured without epithelium

The section shows a dermal collection of neutrophils with acellular keratin-like material surrounded by histiocytes and fibrosis. The lesion is completely excised in the plane of section. Hair follicles are adjacent to the abscess; however, they are not inflamed.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Busam, Klaus J. (2009). Dermatopathology: A Volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 302. ISBN 978-0443066542.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 URL: http://www.dermis.net/dermisroot/en/36946/diagnose.htm. Accessed on: 2 November 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Venus, MR.; Eltigani, EA.; Fagan, JM. (Sep 2007). "Just another sebaceous cyst?". Ann R Coll Surg Engl 89 (6): W19-21. doi:10.1308/147870807X227791. PMC 2121251. PMID 18201468. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2121251/..
  4. ↑ URL: http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/result.cfm?diagnosis=128. Accessed on: 2 November 2012.
  5. ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1058907-diagnosis. Accessed on: 18 March 2011.
  6. ↑ Adams, SP. (Feb 1999). "Dermacase. Eccrine hydrocystoma.". Can Fam Physician 45: 297, 306. PMC 2328272. PMID 10065300. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2328272/.
  7. ↑ Lin, CY.; Jwo, SC. (Apr 2002). "Squamous cell carcinoma arising in an epidermal inclusion cyst.". Chang Gung Med J 25 (4): 279-82. PMID 12079164.
  8. ↑ Brownstein, MH. (Dec 1983). "Hybrid cyst: a combined epidermoid and trichilemmal cyst.". J Am Acad Dermatol 9 (6): 872-5. PMID 6643785.
  9. ↑ Crystal, P.; Shaco-Levy, R. (Mar 2005). "Concentric rings within a breast mass on sonography: lamellated keratin in an epidermal inclusion cyst.". AJR Am J Roentgenol 184 (3 Suppl): S47-8. PMID 15728019.
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