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Difference between revisions of "Medical lung diseases"
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→Emphysema
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====Pathologic classification==== | ====Pathologic classification==== | ||
Based on morphology:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_368>{{Ref PCPBoD8|368}}</ref> | Based on morphology:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_368>{{Ref PCPBoD8|368}}</ref> | ||
#Centriacinar (centrilobular) - associated with heavy smoking. | |||
#Panacinar (panlobular) - associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. | |||
#Distal (paraseptal) acinar - associated with spontaneous pneumothorax. | |||
#Irregular - usu. insignificant. | |||
Q. Why? | *Q. Why does smoking lead to centriacinar emphysema? | ||
A. The bad stuff from smoking gets enters the acinus at the centre; ergo, this is the location of the most damage. | *A. The bad stuff from smoking gets enters the acinus at the centre; ergo, this is the location of the most damage. | ||
===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
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*Bleb = (small) vesicle.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bleb http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bleb]. Accessed on: 3 August 2011.</ref> | *Bleb = (small) vesicle.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bleb http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bleb]. Accessed on: 3 August 2011.</ref> | ||
*Bulla = large vesicle.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bulla http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bulla]. Accessed on: 3 August 2011.</ref> | *Bulla = large vesicle.<ref>URL: [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bulla http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bulla]. Accessed on: 3 August 2011.</ref> | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_369>{{Ref PCPBoD8|369}}</ref> | Features:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_369>{{Ref PCPBoD8|369}}</ref> | ||
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Image: | Image: | ||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emphysema_low_mag.jpg Emphysema (WC)]. | *[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emphysema_low_mag.jpg Emphysema (WC)]. | ||
==Chronic Bronchitis== | |||
===General=== | |||
*Often seen together with ''[[emphysema]]'' with which it is lumped together with in the term ''COPD''. | |||
*It's a clinical diagnosis - criteria:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_370>{{Ref PCPBoD8|370}}</ref> | |||
**Cough with sputum for thee months in at least two consecutive years. | |||
**No other cause identified. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PCPBoD8_370>{{Ref PCPBoD8|370}}</ref> | |||
*Mucous gland hypertrophy. | |||
*Goblet cell metaplasia. | |||
*Smooth muscle hyperplasia and fibrosis. | |||
==Pulmonary edema== | ==Pulmonary edema== | ||