Difference between revisions of "Giant cells"

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'''Giant cells''' are "big" cells with multiple nuclei.  They come in different flavours, which are suggestive of causality.
[[Image:Giant cell in bronchial wash -- very high mag.jpg|thumb|right|Giant cell from a [[pulmonary cytopathology|bronchial wash]]. [[Pap stain]].]]
'''Giant cells''' are "big" cells with multiple nuclei.  They come in different flavours, which are suggestive of causality
 
This article deals with the classic types of giant cells.  A more general differential diagnosis of giant cells is in ''[[giant cell lesions]]''.


==Giant cell types==
==Giant cell types==
List:
List:
*Touton giant cell.
*Touton giant cell.
*Osteoclastic giant cell.
*Osteoclast-like giant cell.
*Foreign body type giant cell.


===Table===
===Table===
Line 10: Line 14:
| Type
| Type
| Histology
| Histology
| Stains
| DDx
| Other
| Other
| Image
| Image
|-
|-
| Touton giant cell
| Touton giant cell
| nuclei around cell periphery
| Nuclei form a ring around the cell periphery with eosinophilic cytoplasm centrally and foamy cytoplasm at the periphery.
| ?
| [[Juvenile xanthogranuloma]], [[xanthoma]], [[Erdheim-Chester disease]], [[fat necrosis]], [[dermatofibroma]]
| high lipid content lesions<ref>URL: [http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html]. Accessed on: 7 February 2011.</ref>
| High lipid content lesions<ref>URL: [http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html]. Accessed on: 7 February 2011.</ref>, Named after Karl Touton
| [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Touton_Giant_Cell.jpg]
| [[Image:Juvenile_xanthogranuloma_-_very_high_mag.jpg|thumb|200px|JXG (WC)]]
|-
| Epithelioid type
| scattered nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref>
| drug reaction, neoplasm, foreign body, infection, idiopathic, autoimmune, allergic
| [[granuloma|granulomatous inflammation]]
| [[Image:Crohn%27s_disease_-_colon_-_very_high_mag.jpg|thumb|150px|center|Granuloma (WC)]]
|-
| Langhans giant cell
| peripheral semi-circular eccentric nuclei<ref name=Ref_InstantPath7>{{Ref InstantPath|7}}</ref>
| tuberculosis, sarcoidosis.
| '''not''' to be confused with ''Langerhans cells'', Named after Theodor Langhans
| [[Image:Granulation_tissue_containg_a_poorly_formed_granuloma_with_a_Langhan%27s_giant_cell.jpg|thumb|200px|LGC (WC)]]
|-
| Osteoclast-like giant cells
| multiple bland central nuclei, ruffled cell membrane.
| osteoclasts, others
| [[AKA]] osteoclast-type giant cells
|
|}
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Basics]].
*[[Basics]].
*[[Giant cell lesions]] - includes a DDx of lesions with giant cells.
*[[Histiocytoses]].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}
{{Reflist|1}}


[[Category:Basics]].
[[Category:Basics]]

Latest revision as of 09:18, 13 August 2018

Giant cell from a bronchial wash. Pap stain.

Giant cells are "big" cells with multiple nuclei. They come in different flavours, which are suggestive of causality.

This article deals with the classic types of giant cells. A more general differential diagnosis of giant cells is in giant cell lesions.

Giant cell types

List:

  • Touton giant cell.
  • Osteoclast-like giant cell.
  • Foreign body type giant cell.

Table

Type Histology DDx Other Image
Touton giant cell Nuclei form a ring around the cell periphery with eosinophilic cytoplasm centrally and foamy cytoplasm at the periphery. Juvenile xanthogranuloma, xanthoma, Erdheim-Chester disease, fat necrosis, dermatofibroma High lipid content lesions[1], Named after Karl Touton
JXG (WC)
Epithelioid type scattered nuclei[2] drug reaction, neoplasm, foreign body, infection, idiopathic, autoimmune, allergic granulomatous inflammation
Granuloma (WC)
Langhans giant cell peripheral semi-circular eccentric nuclei[2] tuberculosis, sarcoidosis. not to be confused with Langerhans cells, Named after Theodor Langhans
LGC (WC)
Osteoclast-like giant cells multiple bland central nuclei, ruffled cell membrane. osteoclasts, others AKA osteoclast-type giant cells

See also

References

  1. URL: http://granuloma.homestead.com/giant_cells.html. Accessed on: 7 February 2011.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Borley, Neil R.; Warren, Bryan F. (2007). Instant Pathology (1st ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 7. ISBN 978-1405132909.