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Difference between revisions of "Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase"
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Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (view source)
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{{ Infobox immunostain | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Atypical_small_acinar_proliferation_-_AMACR-CK34betaE12_-_alt_--_very_high_mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = AMACR positivity in [[ASAP]]. CK5/6-AMACR immunostain | |||
| Abbrev = AMACR | |||
| Synonyms = racemase | |||
| Similar = | |||
| Clones = | |||
| Use = | |||
| Subspecial = [[genitourinary pathology]] | |||
| Pattern = cytoplasmic | |||
| Positive = [[prostate carcinoma]] ~90%, [[high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia]], [[urothelial carcinoma]] ~50%, [[papillary renal cell carcinoma]] | |||
| Negative = [[clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma]] (clear cell tubulopapillary RCC) | |||
| Other = | |||
}} | |||
'''Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase''', abbreviated '''AMACR''', is a commonly used [[immunostain]] in [[genitourinary pathology]]. | '''Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase''', abbreviated '''AMACR''', is a commonly used [[immunostain]] in [[genitourinary pathology]]. | ||
==General== | |||
AMACR converts [[testosterone]] to hydrotestosterone.<ref name=pmid8626825>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cai | first1 = LQ. | last2 = Zhu | first2 = YS. | last3 = Katz | first3 = MD. | last4 = Herrera | first4 = C. | last5 = Baéz | first5 = J. | last6 = DeFillo-Ricart | first6 = M. | last7 = Shackleton | first7 = CH. | last8 = Imperato-McGinley | first8 = J. | title = 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene mutations in the Dominican Republic. | journal = J Clin Endocrinol Metab | volume = 81 | issue = 5 | pages = 1730-5 | month = May | year = 1996 | doi = 10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626825 | PMID = 8626825 }}</ref> | |||
==Positive== | ==Positive== | ||
*[[Prostate adenocarcinoma]].<ref name=pmid23376124>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lloyd | first1 = MD. | last2 = Yevglevskis | first2 = M. | last3 = Lee | first3 = GL. | last4 = Wood | first4 = PJ. | last5 = Threadgill | first5 = MD. | last6 = Woodman | first6 = TJ. | title = α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR): metabolic enzyme, drug metabolizer and cancer marker P504S. | journal = Prog Lipid Res | volume = 52 | issue = 2 | pages = 220-30 | month = Apr | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.01.001 | PMID = 23376124 }}</ref> | *[[Prostate adenocarcinoma]].<ref name=pmid23376124>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lloyd | first1 = MD. | last2 = Yevglevskis | first2 = M. | last3 = Lee | first3 = GL. | last4 = Wood | first4 = PJ. | last5 = Threadgill | first5 = MD. | last6 = Woodman | first6 = TJ. | title = α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR): metabolic enzyme, drug metabolizer and cancer marker P504S. | journal = Prog Lipid Res | volume = 52 | issue = 2 | pages = 220-30 | month = Apr | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.01.001 | PMID = 23376124 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma]].<Ref name=pmid16733210>{{Cite journal | last1 = Molinié | first1 = V. | last2 = Balaton | first2 = A. | last3 = Rotman | first3 = S. | last4 = Mansouri | first4 = D. | last5 = De Pinieux | first5 = I. | last6 = Homsi | first6 = T. | last7 = Guillou | first7 = L. | title = Alpha-methyl CoA racemase expression in renal cell carcinomas. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 37 | issue = 6 | pages = 698-703 | month = Jun | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2006.01.012 | PMID = 16733210 }}</ref> | *[[Papillary renal cell carcinoma]].<Ref name=pmid16733210>{{Cite journal | last1 = Molinié | first1 = V. | last2 = Balaton | first2 = A. | last3 = Rotman | first3 = S. | last4 = Mansouri | first4 = D. | last5 = De Pinieux | first5 = I. | last6 = Homsi | first6 = T. | last7 = Guillou | first7 = L. | title = Alpha-methyl CoA racemase expression in renal cell carcinomas. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 37 | issue = 6 | pages = 698-703 | month = Jun | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2006.01.012 | PMID = 16733210 }}</ref> | ||
*[[High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia]]. | |||
==Positive or negative== | ==Positive or negative== | ||
*[[Nephrogenic adenoma]]. | *[[Nephrogenic adenoma]]. | ||
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]] - not useful for | *[[Urothelial carcinoma]] - not useful for prostate versus bladder; it is positive in ~50% of [[UCC]].<ref name=pmid16315020>{{Cite journal | last1 = Langner | first1 = C. | last2 = Rupar | first2 = G. | last3 = Leibl | first3 = S. | last4 = Hutterer | first4 = G. | last5 = Chromecki | first5 = T. | last6 = Hoefler | first6 = G. | last7 = Rehak | first7 = P. | last8 = Zigeuner | first8 = R. | title = Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) protein expression in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract correlates with tumour progression. | journal = Virchows Arch | volume = 448 | issue = 3 | pages = 325-30 | month = Mar | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1007/s00428-005-0129-6 | PMID = 16315020 }}</ref> | ||
==Negative== | ==Negative== | ||
*[[Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma]]. | *[[Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma]]. | ||
==Images== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Prostate carcinoma with inflammation - ck5-6-amacr -- low mag.jpg | [[Prostatic carcinoma]] - CK5/6-AMACR - low mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Prostate carcinoma with inflammation - ck5-6-amacr -- intermed mag.jpg | Prostatic carcinoma - CK5/6-AMACR - intermed. mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Prostate carcinoma with inflammation - alt - ck5-6-amacr -- intermed mag.jpg | Prostatic carcinoma - CK5/6-AMACR - intermed. (WC) | |||
Image: Prostate carcinoma with inflammation - ck5-6-amacr -- high mag.jpg | Prostatic carcinoma - CK5/6-AMACR - high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||