Difference between revisions of "Urinary bladder"

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Urinary bladder (view source)

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The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine until one has to go wee-wee. It is commonly afflicted by [[cancer]].
The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine between urination, i.e. trips to the washroom to go pee. It gets the urine from the [[ureter]]s and exspells it via the [[urethra]].


A well-know mimicker of cancer is ''[[malakoplakia]]''.<ref name=pmid17102055>{{cite journal |author=Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ |title=From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=1847–68 |year=2006 |pmid=17102055 |doi=10.1148/rg.266065126 |url=}}</ref>
It is commonly afflicted by [[cancer]]. A well-know mimicker of cancer is ''[[malakoplakia]]''.<ref name=pmid17102055>{{cite journal |author=Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ |title=From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=1847–68 |year=2006 |pmid=17102055 |doi=10.1148/rg.266065126 |url=}}</ref>


=Normal=
=Normal=
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Note:
Note:
*On TURBT - don't ever call T3.
*On TURBT - don't ever call pT3.
 
=Grossing=
:[[AKA]] ''cut-up''.
{{Main|Partial cystectomy}}
{{Main|Radical cystectomy}}
{{Main|Cystoprostatectomy}}


=Urinary bladder cancer=
=Urinary bladder cancer=
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**[[Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder]].
**[[Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder]].
**Metastatic adenocarcinoma - usu. [[colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
**Metastatic adenocarcinoma - usu. [[colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
*Other tumours - rare.
**Rhabdomyosarcomatous tumour.
**[[Rhabdomyosarcoma]].<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>


==Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder==
==Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Squamous cell carcinoma}}
{{Main|Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder}}
*Rare type of bladder cancer.
*''Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation'' is much more common.
 
==Urachal carcinoma==
{{Main|Urachal carcinoma}}
 
==Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Rhabdomyosarcoma}}
===General===
===General===
*Strong association with ''Schistosoma haematobium''.<ref name=pmid17483025>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Michaud | first1 = DS. | title = Chronic inflammation and bladder cancer. | journal = Urol Oncol | volume = 25 | issue = 3 | pages = 260-8 | month =  | year = | doi = 10.1016/j.urolonc.2006.10.002 | PMID = 17483025 }}</ref>
*Considered extremely rare in adults.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
**Common in areas with ''S. haematobium''.
**Uncommon in areas without ''S. haematobium''.


===Microscopic===
===Microscopic===
Features:
:See ''[[rhabdomyosarcoma]]''.
*See ''[[squamous cell carcinoma]]'' article.
 
DDx:
*Rhabdomyosarcomatous sarcomatoid carcinoma - more common than RMS in adults.
**Requires the identification of a carcinoma component.
*Rhabdomyomatous tumour.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
**Used if no carcinomatous component is identified with extensive sampling.
*[[Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]].
**Should be positive for [[keratins]] and chromogranin A.
 
===IHC===
Features:<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
*Desmin +ve.
*Myogenin +ve.
*Keratins -ve.


==Urachal carcinoma==
==Metastasis to the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Urachal carcinoma}}
{{Main|Urinary bladder metastasis}}


=Other=
==Urinary bladder infarct==
==Urinary bladder infarct==
{{Main|Infarction}}
{{Main|Infarction}}
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*Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.<ref name=pmid3394185/>
*Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.<ref name=pmid3394185/>


==Rhabdomyosarcoma==
==Urinary bladder amyloidosis==
{{Main|Rhabdomyosarcoma}}
{{Main|Urinary bladder amyloidosis}}
 
==Tubular adenoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Tubular adenoma of the urinary tract}}
 
==Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder}}
 
==Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder}}
 
==Cystitis==
:See ''[[urothelium]]''.


=See also=
=See also=
Michael
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