Difference between revisions of "Pleural effusion"
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[[Image:Diagram showing a build up of fluid in the lining of the lungs (pleural effusion) CRUK 054.svg|thumb|right|Pleural effusion in a diagram. (WC/CRUK)]] | [[Image:Diagram showing a build up of fluid in the lining of the lungs (pleural effusion) CRUK 054.svg|thumb|right|Pleural effusion in a diagram. (WC/CRUK)]] | ||
'''Pleural effusion''' is accumulation of fluid within the potential space around the [[lung]]. It has a longer [[differential diagnosis]].<ref name=pmid24920946>{{Cite journal | last1 = Na | first1 = MJ. | title = Diagnostic tools of pleural effusion. | journal = Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) | volume = 76 | issue = 5 | pages = 199-210 | month = May | year = 2014 | doi = 10.4046/trd.2014.76.5.199 | PMID = 24920946 }}</ref><ref name=pmid22032427/> | '''Pleural effusion''' is accumulation of fluid within the potential space around the [[lung]]. It has a longer [[differential diagnosis]].<ref name=pmid24920946>{{Cite journal | last1 = Na | first1 = MJ. | title = Diagnostic tools of pleural effusion. | journal = Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) | volume = 76 | issue = 5 | pages = 199-210 | month = May | year = 2014 | doi = 10.4046/trd.2014.76.5.199 | PMID = 24920946 }}</ref><ref name=pmid22032427/> | ||
The pathology of pleural fluids is dealt with in the ''[[mesothelial cytopathology]]'' article. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Benign causes=== | |||
*[[Pneumonia]]. | *[[Pneumonia]]. | ||
*[[Congestive heart failure]]. | *[[Congestive heart failure]]. | ||
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*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]].<ref name=pmid22032427>{{Cite journal | last1 = Light | first1 = RW. | title = Pleural effusions. | journal = Med Clin North Am | volume = 95 | issue = 6 | pages = 1055-70 | month = Nov | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2011.08.005 | PMID = 22032427 }}</ref> | *[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]].<ref name=pmid22032427>{{Cite journal | last1 = Light | first1 = RW. | title = Pleural effusions. | journal = Med Clin North Am | volume = 95 | issue = 6 | pages = 1055-70 | month = Nov | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2011.08.005 | PMID = 22032427 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Tuberculosis]]. | *[[Tuberculosis]]. | ||
*Benign asbestos-related pleural effusion.<ref name=pmid22617814>{{Cite journal | last1 = Myers | first1 = R. | title = Asbestos-related pleural disease. | journal = Curr Opin Pulm Med | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 377-81 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1097/MCP.0b013e328354acfe | PMID = 22617814 }}</ref> | |||
*Others. | *Others. | ||
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===Malignancy=== | ===Malignancy=== | ||
*[[Malignant mesothelioma]].<ref name=pmid26048082>{{Cite journal | last1 = Karpathiou | first1 = G. | last2 = Stefanou | first2 = D. | last3 = Froudarakis | first3 = ME. | title = Pleural neoplastic pathology. | journal = Respir Med | volume = 109 | issue = 8 | pages = 931-43 | month = Aug | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2015.05.014 | PMID = 26048082 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]. | *[[Lung adenocarcinoma]]. | ||
*[[ | *Metastatic disease. | ||
**[[Breast adenocarcinoma]].<ref name=pmid26150915>{{Cite journal | last1 = Agalioti | first1 = T. | last2 = Giannou | first2 = AD. | last3 = Stathopoulos | first3 = GT. | title = Pleural involvement in lung cancer. | journal = J Thorac Dis | volume = 7 | issue = 6 | pages = 1021-30 | month = Jun | year = 2015 | doi = 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.04.23 | PMID = 26150915 }}</ref> | |||
**[[Colorectal adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
**[[Gastric adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
**Renal cell carcinoma.<ref name=pmid26525375>{{Cite journal | last1 = Agrawal | first1 = A. | last2 = Sahni | first2 = S. | last3 = Iftikhar | first3 = A. | last4 = Talwar | first4 = A. | title = Pulmonary manifestations of renal cell carcinoma. | journal = Respir Med | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Oct | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2015.10.002 | PMID = 26525375 }}</ref> | **Renal cell carcinoma.<ref name=pmid26525375>{{Cite journal | last1 = Agrawal | first1 = A. | last2 = Sahni | first2 = S. | last3 = Iftikhar | first3 = A. | last4 = Talwar | first4 = A. | title = Pulmonary manifestations of renal cell carcinoma. | journal = Respir Med | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Oct | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2015.10.002 | PMID = 26525375 }}</ref> | ||
*Others. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Lung]]. | *[[Lung]]. | ||
*[[Pneumothorax]]. | *[[Pneumothorax]]. | ||
*[[Mesothelial cytopathology]] - deals with ''pleural fluid'' specimens. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Pulmonary pathology]] | [[Category:Pulmonary pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Clinical]] | |||
Latest revision as of 12:39, 14 June 2016
_CRUK_054.svg)
Pleural effusion is accumulation of fluid within the potential space around the lung. It has a longer differential diagnosis.[1][2]
The pathology of pleural fluids is dealt with in the mesothelial cytopathology article.
Causes
Benign causes
- Pneumonia.
- Congestive heart failure.
- End-stage renal disease.
- Liver cirrhosis.[3]
- Nephrotic syndrome - various underlying causes.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus.[2]
- Tuberculosis.
- Benign asbestos-related pleural effusion.[4]
- Others.
Syndromic
Malignancy
- Malignant mesothelioma.[5]
- Lung adenocarcinoma.
- Metastatic disease.
- Breast adenocarcinoma.[6]
- Colorectal adenocarcinoma.
- Gastric adenocarcinoma.
- Renal cell carcinoma.[7]
- Others.
See also
- Lung.
- Pneumothorax.
- Mesothelial cytopathology - deals with pleural fluid specimens.
References
- ↑ Na, MJ. (May 2014). "Diagnostic tools of pleural effusion.". Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 76 (5): 199-210. doi:10.4046/trd.2014.76.5.199. PMID 24920946.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Light, RW. (Nov 2011). "Pleural effusions.". Med Clin North Am 95 (6): 1055-70. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2011.08.005. PMID 22032427.
- ↑ Porcel, JM.; Mas, E.; Reñé, JM.; Bielsa, S. (Dec 2013). "[Hepatic hydrothorax: report of a series of 77 patients].". Med Clin (Barc) 141 (11): 484-6. doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2013.06.017. PMID 24018252.
- ↑ Myers, R. (Jul 2012). "Asbestos-related pleural disease.". Curr Opin Pulm Med 18 (4): 377-81. doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328354acfe. PMID 22617814.
- ↑ Karpathiou, G.; Stefanou, D.; Froudarakis, ME. (Aug 2015). "Pleural neoplastic pathology.". Respir Med 109 (8): 931-43. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2015.05.014. PMID 26048082.
- ↑ Agalioti, T.; Giannou, AD.; Stathopoulos, GT. (Jun 2015). "Pleural involvement in lung cancer.". J Thorac Dis 7 (6): 1021-30. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.04.23. PMID 26150915.
- ↑ Agrawal, A.; Sahni, S.; Iftikhar, A.; Talwar, A. (Oct 2015). "Pulmonary manifestations of renal cell carcinoma.". Respir Med. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2015.10.002. PMID 26525375.