Difference between revisions of "Thymus staging"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
This article deals with '''thymus staging'''. An introduction to staging is in the ''[[cancer staging systems]]'' article. | This article deals with '''thymus staging'''. An introduction to staging is in the ''[[cancer staging systems]]'' article. | ||
'''Thymic staging''', '''thymus cancer staging''', '''thymic carcinoma staging''', and '''thymus tumour staging''' redirect here. | '''Thymic staging''', '''thymus cancer staging''', '''thymic carcinoma staging''', '''Masaoka-Koga classification''', and '''thymus tumour staging''' redirect here. | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|IVb | |IVb | ||
|lymphatic or hematogenous spread | |lymphatic or hematogenous spread ‡ | ||
|} | |} | ||
Note: | |||
*‡ The International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) notes that is ''must'' have spread to distant organs.<ref name=itmig>URL: [https://www.itmig.org/node/9 https://www.itmig.org/node/9]. Accessed on: May 13, 2016.</ref> This implies that lymphovascular invasion within the tumour itself is ''not'' sufficient for calling stage IVb. | |||
===Modified Masaoka as per Masaoka ''et al.'' (1999)=== | ===Modified Masaoka as per Masaoka ''et al.'' (1999)=== | ||
Line 82: | Line 84: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Thymus]]. | *[[Thymus]]. | ||
*[[Thymoma]]. | |||
*[[Thymic carcinoma]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
==External links== | |||
*[https://www.itmig.org/node/9 ITMIG (itmig.org)]. | |||
[[Category:Cancer staging]] | [[Category:Cancer staging]] |
Latest revision as of 14:40, 13 May 2016
This article deals with thymus staging. An introduction to staging is in the cancer staging systems article.
Thymic staging, thymus cancer staging, thymic carcinoma staging, Masaoka-Koga classification, and thymus tumour staging redirect here.
Overview
There is a system by Masaoka and colleagues[1] that was subsequently modified, and is known as the modified Masaoka staging system.[2]
Based on CAP protocol
Staging as per Butnor et al.:[3]
Stage | Characteristics |
---|---|
I | encapsulated lesion, tumour does not penetrate capsule |
IIa | microscopic penetration of the capsule |
IIb | macroscopic penetration of the capsule |
III | macroscopic invasion of adjacent organs |
IVa | pleural or pericardial spread |
IVb | lymphatic or hematogenous spread ‡ |
Note:
- ‡ The International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) notes that is must have spread to distant organs.[4] This implies that lymphovascular invasion within the tumour itself is not sufficient for calling stage IVb.
Modified Masaoka as per Masaoka et al. (1999)
T-stage - based on Masaoka et al. (1999):[5]
Stage | Features |
---|---|
T1 | macroscopically and microscopically encapulated |
T2 | macroscopic invasion or adhesion to surrounding tissue (fat or pleura) or microscopic invasion into the capsule |
T3 | Spread to adjacent organs, e.g. pericardium, lung, great vessels. |
T4 | pericardial or pleural spread |
N-stage - based on Masaoka et al. (1999):[5]
Stage | Features |
---|---|
N0 | no lymph node spread |
N1 | spread to anterior mediastinal lymph nodes |
N2 | spread to intrathoracic lymph nodes other than the mediastinal lymph nodes |
N3 | spread to supraclavicular lymph nodes |
M-stage - based on Masaoka et al. (1999):[5]
Stage | Features |
---|---|
M0 | no hematogeneous spread and extrathoracic lymph nodes with the exception of the supraclavicular nodes |
M1 | hematogeneous spread and/or extrathoracic lymph nodes |
See also
References
- ↑ Masaoka, A.; Monden, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Tanioka, T. (Dec 1981). "Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages.". Cancer 48 (11): 2485-92. PMID 7296496.
- ↑ Koga, K.; Matsuno, Y.; Noguchi, M.; Mukai, K.; Asamura, H.; Goya, T.; Shimosato, Y. (May 1994). "A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma.". Pathol Int 44 (5): 359-67. PMID 8044305.
- ↑ Butnor KJ et al. Thymus. Version 3.1.0.0. 2011. URL: www.cap.org/cancerprotocols. Accessed on: 31 August 2015.
- ↑ URL: https://www.itmig.org/node/9. Accessed on: May 13, 2016.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Masaoka, A.; Yamakawa, Y.; Fujii, Y. (Mar 1999). "Well-differentiated thymic carcinoma: is it thymic carcinoma or not?". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 117 (3): 628-30. PMID 10047676.