Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Difference between revisions
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'''Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma''' is a rare aggressive tumour of the [[thyroid gland]]. | |||
==General== | |||
Epidemiology: | |||
*Very rare. | |||
*Horrible prognosis - median survival of 8 months in one series.<ref name=pmid24554064>{{Cite journal | last1 = Mohebati | first1 = A. | last2 = Dilorenzo | first2 = M. | last3 = Palmer | first3 = F. | last4 = Patel | first4 = SG. | last5 = Pfister | first5 = D. | last6 = Lee | first6 = N. | last7 = Tuttle | first7 = RM. | last8 = Shaha | first8 = AR. | last9 = Shah | first9 = JP. | title = Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a 25-year single-institution experience. | journal = Ann Surg Oncol | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 1665-70 | month = May | year = 2014 | doi = 10.1245/s10434-014-3545-5 | PMID = 24554064 }}</ref> | |||
*Often presents with obstruction. | |||
*Typically there is a history of a thyroid mass. | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Cytologically malignant: | |||
**Huge [[NC ratio]]. | |||
**Mitoses. | |||
*+/-[[Necrosis]]. | |||
Notes: | |||
*May have features of other thyroid carcinomas, e.g. [[psammoma bodies]], papillae, nuclear changes of [[papillary thyroid carcinoma|PTC]]. | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid|Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Medullary thyroid carcinoma]]. | |||
*[[Sarcoma]]. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Anaplastic_thyroid_carcinoma_low_mag.jpg | Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with a component of PTC. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==IHC== | |||
*Keratin (AE1/AE3) +ve. | |||
*Vimentin +ve, >90%.<ref name=pmid1712540>{{cite journal |author=Ordóñez NG, El-Naggar AK, Hickey RC, Samaan NA |title=Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Immunocytochemical study of 32 cases |journal=Am. J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=96 |issue=1 |pages=15–24 |year=1991 |month=July |pmid=1712540 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Thyroglobulin - rarely +ve (~15%).<ref name=pmid1712540/> | |||
*CEA -ve, calcitonin -ve; to r/o medullary. | |||
*p53 +ve. | |||
*[[TTF-1]] +ve. | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Thyroid gland]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Thyroid gland]] | |||