Cerebrovascular accident: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
redirect |
|||
| (9 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
# | '''Cerebrovascular accident''', abbreviated '''CVA''', is a common [[neuropathology|neurologic pathology]]. It is also known as a '''stroke'''. | ||
==General== | |||
*Very common. | |||
*Leading cause of morbidity and mortality. | |||
Etiologies:<ref name=pmid20666847>{{Cite journal | last1 = Love | first1 = S. | title = Autopsy approach to stroke. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 58 | issue = 3 | pages = 333-51 | month = Feb | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03614.x | PMID = 20666847 }}</ref> | |||
*[[Atherosclerosis]] of the cerebral vessels or internal carotid artery. | |||
*Embolism. | |||
*Hemorrhage (ruptured [[berry aneurysm]], [[cerebral amyloid angiopathy]]). | |||
*Tumour. | |||
*Others. | |||
Clinical classification: | |||
# Hemorrhagic stroke. | |||
# Ischemic stroke. | |||
==Gross== | |||
*Soft/mushy brain. | |||
*Older [[infarct]]s. | |||
**A "roof" is present - a thin submeningeal layer is preserved by the CSF.<ref>MUN. 16 December 2009.</ref> | |||
***"Roof" is absent in trauma. | |||
**Cavity - in older infarcts. | |||
***''[[Multiple sclerosis]]'' does not cavitate. | |||
*Laminar necrosis = (thin) chalky line replaces grey mater.<ref>URL: [http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q03-Ans.htm http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/neurotest/Q03-Ans.htm]. Accessed on: 26 October 2010.</ref> | |||
**[[AKA]] ''pseudolaminar necrosis'' - as it is not localized to a specific layer of the cortex.<ref>MUN. 26 November 2010.</ref> | |||
DDx: | |||
*[[Cerebral contusion]]. | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:MCA-Stroke-Brain-Human-1.JPG| Changes of CVA - right of image. (WC/Marvin 101) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*[[Ischemic neurons]]. | |||
*+/-Neuronal loss. | |||
*+/-Microglial. | |||
*+/-[[Thrombosis]]. | |||
*+/-[[Atherosclerosis]]. | |||
DDx: | |||
*Hypoglycaemic injury.<ref name=pmid20666847/> | |||
===Images=== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:AcuteStroke_HE400x.jpg|Neuronal changes of an acute stroke. (WC/Martin Hasselblatt) | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Neuropathology]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Neuropathology]] | |||