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Difference between revisions of "Esophagus"
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===Candidiasis=== | ===Candidiasis=== | ||
Microscopic: | ====Gross (endoscopic)==== | ||
Features: | |||
*White patches. | |||
====Microscopic==== | |||
Features: | |||
*Worm-like micro-organisms. | *Worm-like micro-organisms. | ||
**Pseudohyphae (single cells). | |||
**Thickness ~ 1/3-1/2 of squamous cell nucleus. | |||
**Should be within (squamous) epithelium. | |||
***On top of epithelium does not count,<ref>ALS. 4 October 2010.</ref> i.e. it is likely an artifact. | |||
Image: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Esophageal_candidiasis_(2)_PAS_stain.jpg Esophageal candidiasis (WC)]. | Image: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Esophageal_candidiasis_(2)_PAS_stain.jpg Esophageal candidiasis (WC)]. | ||
===Cytomegalovirus esophagitis=== | |||
*[[AKA]] CMV esophagitis. | |||
Clinical: | |||
*Classically at the base of the ulcer; within endothelial cells. | |||
===Herpes esophagitis=== | |||
====General==== | |||
Etiology: | |||
*Herpes simplex virus. | |||
====Microscopic==== | |||
Features (3 Ms): | |||
*'''M'''oulding. | |||
*'''M'''ultinucleation. | |||
*'''M'''argination of chromatin. | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Herpes_esophagitis_-_very_high_mag.jpg HSV esophagitis - very high mag. (WC)]. | |||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Herpes_esophagitis_-_intermed_mag.jpg HSV esophagitis - intermed. mag. (WC)]. | |||
===Human papilloma virus esophagitis=== | |||
General: | |||
*[[AKA]] HPV esophagitis. | |||
====Microscopic==== | |||
Features: | |||
*Koilocytes: | |||
** Perinuclear clearing. | |||
** Nuclear changes. | |||
*** Size similar (or larger) to those in the basal layer of the epithelium. | |||
*** Nuclear enlargement should be evident on low power, i.e. 25x. [7] | |||
*** Central location - nucleus should be smack in the middle of the cell. | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Low-grade_squamous_intraepithelial_lesion.jpg LSIL (WC)]. | |||
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Low-grade_sil_and_endocx.jpg LSIL & endocervix (WC)]. | |||
==Barrett's esophagus== | ==Barrett's esophagus== | ||