Difference between revisions of "Kidney"
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(→Developmental: +horseshoe kidney) |
(→Multicystic renal dysplasia: more) |
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*Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns.<ref name=emed_mrd/> | *Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns.<ref name=emed_mrd/> | ||
*Subtype of renal dysplasia.<ref name=emed_mrd>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview]. Accessed on: 4 January 2012.</ref> | *Subtype of renal dysplasia.<ref name=emed_mrd>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview]. Accessed on: 4 January 2012.</ref> | ||
*May be unilateral or involve only part of a kidney.<ref name=Ref_Klatt237>{{Ref Klatt|237}}</ref> | |||
===Gross=== | |||
*Kidney has multiple large cysts. | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENAL043.html MRD (utah.edu)]. | |||
*[http://radiology.uchc.edu/eAtlas/GU/551.htm MRD (radiology.uchc.edu)]. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | Features:<ref name=Ref_Klatt237>{{Ref Klatt|237}}</ref> | ||
* | *Cystic spaces. | ||
* | *Fibrous stroma. | ||
*Islands of cartilage. | |||
Image: | |||
*[http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/RENCYST/RCYST012.html RMD (utah.edu)]. | |||
==Renal medullary dysplasia== | ==Renal medullary dysplasia== | ||
Revision as of 03:26, 6 May 2012
The kidney is an important organ in the abdomen that does the following:
- Water balance & blood pressure regulation,
- Acid-base balance,
- Removes toxins/cleans the blood, and
- Produces hormones (e.g. erythropoietin).
Tumours
Main article: Kidney tumours
This is mostly the domain of urology.
This article cover the common renal tumours:
- [[Renal cell carcinoma].
- Oncocytoma.
- Most other tumours... except urothelial tumours are dealt with in the urothelium article.
Pediatric tumours are covered in pediatric kidney tumours.
Medical kidney diseases
Main article: Medical kidney diseases
This is almost a specialty for itself. Lots of interaction with nephrologists.
Developmental
Horseshoe kidney
General
- Anatomical variant.
- Prevalence ~1 in 500.[1]
Gross
- The inferior poles of the kidneys are joined with one another - have the shape of a horseshoe.
Image:
Multicystic renal dysplasia
General
- Most common cause of abdominal mass in newborns.[2]
- Subtype of renal dysplasia.[2]
- May be unilateral or involve only part of a kidney.[3]
Gross
- Kidney has multiple large cysts.
Images:
Microscopic
Features:[3]
- Cystic spaces.
- Fibrous stroma.
- Islands of cartilage.
Image:
Renal medullary dysplasia
General
- Associated with:
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.[4]
- Placental insufficiency.[5]
Microscopic
Features:[4]
- Widely spaced tubules in the medulla of the kidney.
See also
References
- ↑ Klatt, Edward C. (2006). Robbins and Cotran Atlas of Pathology (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 233. ISBN 978-1416002741.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/982560-overview. Accessed on: 4 January 2012.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Klatt, Edward C. (2006). Robbins and Cotran Atlas of Pathology (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 237. ISBN 978-1416002741.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dotto, J.; Reyes-Múgica, M. (Jan 2007). "Renal medullary dysplasia is diagnostic of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.". Int J Surg Pathol 15 (1): 60-1. doi:10.1177/1066896906295685. PMID 17172498.
- ↑ Sparrow, DB.; Boyle, SC.; Sams, RS.; Mazuruk, B.; Zhang, L.; Moeckel, GW.; Dunwoodie, SL.; de Caestecker, MP. (Apr 2009). "Placental insufficiency associated with loss of Cited1 causes renal medullary dysplasia.". J Am Soc Nephrol 20 (4): 777-86. doi:10.1681/ASN.2008050547. PMID 19297558.