Giant cell cystitis

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Urinary bladder with benign large mesenchymal cells - so-called "giant cell cystitis". H&E stain.

Giant cell cystitis is term used for a benign change of mesenchymal cells in the urinary bladder lamina propria.

Giant cell cystitis is considered a misnomer as it may be seen in an otherwise normal bladder that lacks significant inflammation.[1]

General

  • Considered a common benign finding; not a clinical entity.[2]
  • Reported in up to 1/3 of bladders at autopsy.[3]

Microscopic

Features:[4]

  • Scattered atypical mesenchymal cells - mononuclear or multinucleated - key feature.
  • +/-Nuclear hyperchromasia and/or lobulation.
  • Minimal/absence of mitotic activity.

Note:

  • Inflammation may be present or absent; "giant cell cystitis" is a misnomer.

DDx:

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Urinary Bladder, Biopsy:
- Urothelial mucosa with scattered large atypical mesenchymal cells in the 
  lamina propria, prominent smooth muscle and prominent superficial 
  blood vessels.
- Urothelium within normal limits.
- Thick benign muscularis propria.
- NEGATIVE for significant proliferative activity and NEGATIVE for significant inflammation.
- NEGATIVE for dysplasia and NEGATIVE for malignancy.

See also

References

  1. Hameed, O.; Humphrey, PA. (Mar 2010). "Pseudoneoplastic mimics of prostate and bladder carcinomas.". Arch Pathol Lab Med 134 (3): 427-43. doi:10.1043/1543-2165-134.3.427. PMID 20196670.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Amin, Mahul B. (2010). Diagnostic Pathology: Genitourinary (1st ed.). Amirsys. pp. 2:6. ISBN 978-1931884280.
  3. Wells, HG (1938). "Giant cells in cystitis". Arch Pathol 26: 32-43.
  4. Amin, Mahul B.; Eble, John; Grignon, David; Srigley, John. (2013). Urological Pathology (1st ed.). Wolters Kluwer. pp. 305. ISBN 978-0781782814.