Testicular torsion
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Testicular torsion is rotation of the testis resulting in a reduced or absent blood flow with subsequent ischemia.
General
Clinical:
- Pain.
Treatment:
- Surgery.
Gross
- Brown/black or red - due to necrosis/hemorrhage.
Image:
Microscopic
Features:
- Intratubular hemorrhage.
- Desquamation of germ cells.
- +/-Necrosis of germ cells.
DDx:
- Testicular tumour (e.g. germ cell tumour).[1]
- Germ cell neoplasia in situ (incidental finding).
Grading
Adapted from Mikuz:[2]
| Grade | Features |
|---|---|
| 1 | intertubular edema, limited blood extravasation, desquamation of germ cells |
| 2 | diffuse intertubular hemorrhage, focal necrosis of the germ cells |
| 3 | diffuse infarction of parenchyma |
Sign out
Right Testicle, Orchiectomy: - Testis with diffuse intratubular hemorrhage and focal desquamation of germ cells. - Epididymis with intratubular necrotic debris. - Changes compatible with testicular torsion. - NEGATIVE for germ cell neoplasia in situ (intratubular germ cell neoplasia). - NEGATIVE for malignancy.
See also
References
- ↑ Kao, CS.; Zhang, C.; Ulbright, TM. (Jan 2014). "Testicular hemorrhage, necrosis, and vasculopathy: likely manifestations of intermittent torsion that clinically mimic a neoplasm.". Am J Surg Pathol 38 (1): 34-44. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e31829c0206. PMID 24061519.
- ↑ Mikuz, G. (1985). "Testicular torsion: simple grading for histological evaluation of tissue damage.". Appl Pathol 3 (3): 134-9. PMID 3842075.