Difference between revisions of "Small round cell tumours"
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| '''Key histologic features''' | | '''Key histologic features''' | ||
| '''History''' | | '''History''' | ||
| '''Key [[IHC]]''' | | '''Key [[IHC]] / <br>special stains''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Hepatoblastoma | | Hepatoblastoma | ||
| | | | ||
| liver | | liver | ||
| AFP | | AFP | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Neuroblastoma | | Neuroblastoma | ||
| | | nests, thin fibrovascular septae, lymphocytes, ganglion-like cells (prominent nucleolus), neurophil (eosinophilic, fluffy, finely vacuolated) | ||
| adrenal gland, sympathetic chain | | adrenal gland, sympathetic chain; usu. < 3 years old | ||
| NB-84 | | NB-84+, NSE+, S100- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumour) | | Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumour) | ||
| triphasic - (1) blue cells (blastema), (2) spindle cells (stroma), (3) tubular structures (epithelial) | | triphasic - (1) blue cells (blastema), (2) spindle cells (stroma), (3) tubular structures (epithelial) | ||
| kidney | | kidney | ||
| WT-1 | | WT-1+ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Retinoblastoma | | Retinoblastoma | ||
| Line 53: | Line 53: | ||
| Medulloblastoma | | Medulloblastoma | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Ewing sarcoma/PNET | | Ewing sarcoma/PNET | ||
| | | clear cytoplasm (glycogen) | ||
| | | bone lesion, adolescents | ||
| | | PAS+/PASD-, CD99 diffuse membranous | ||
|- | |||
| Rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar | |||
| rhabdomyocytes (eosinophilic cytoplasm +/-cross striations (uncommon), eccentric nucleus) | |||
| adolescents, young adults; often mets at presentation | |||
| "DAM" = desmin, actin, myogenin | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | | Rhabdomyosarcoma, embryonal | ||
| | | rhabdomyocytes (elongated/cigar-shaped cells, eosinophilic cytoplasm +/-cross striations, eccentric nucleus), nests with rounded border | ||
| | | <10 years old; usu. localized | ||
| "DAM" = desmin, actin, myogenin | | "DAM" = desmin, actin, myogenin | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT) | | Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT) | ||
| | | nests with "jigsaw" border | ||
| | | peritoneum (abdomen or plevis); male > female; locally invasive | ||
| | | keratin+, EMA+, desmin+ !!! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Small cell carcinoma | | Small cell carcinoma | ||
| stippled chromatin, nuclear moulding | | stippled chromatin, nuclear moulding | ||
| | | adults, smokers | ||
| synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56, keratins | | synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56, keratins | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Lymphoma | | Lymphoma (large cell) | ||
| dyscohesive | | dyscohesive, ~2x normal (resting) lymphocyte), nucleolus | ||
| | | lymphadenopathy (???) | ||
| CD45 | | CD45 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Soft tissue lesions]]. | *[[Soft tissue lesions]]. | ||
Revision as of 16:17, 28 February 2011
Small round cell tumours (SRCT), also small round blue cell tumours (SRBCT), are a group of tumours that have a similar histologic appearance.
It is a group of tumours that is seen more often in childhood than adulthood.
DDx:[1]
- Neuroblastoma.
- Wilms tumour (AKA nephroblastoma).
- Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.
- Ewing sarcoma/PNET - this entity is dealt with in the bone tumours article.
- Lymphoma - large cell lymphomas, e.g. diffuse large B cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
- Retinoblastoma.
- Hepatoblastoma.
- Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT).
Memory device: 4 -blastoma (hepato-, neuro-, nephro-, retino-), PNET/Ewing sarcoma (medulloblastoma), DSRCT, lymphoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.
Microscopic
Features:
- Sheets of cells, very cellular.
- Small cells ~ 2X RBC diameter.
- Scant cytoplasm.
- Coarse chromatin.
- +/-Nucleolus. (???)
- +/-Vascular.
Tabular comparison
| Tumour | Key histologic features | History | Key IHC / special stains |
| Hepatoblastoma | liver | AFP | |
| Neuroblastoma | nests, thin fibrovascular septae, lymphocytes, ganglion-like cells (prominent nucleolus), neurophil (eosinophilic, fluffy, finely vacuolated) | adrenal gland, sympathetic chain; usu. < 3 years old | NB-84+, NSE+, S100- |
| Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumour) | triphasic - (1) blue cells (blastema), (2) spindle cells (stroma), (3) tubular structures (epithelial) | kidney | WT-1+ |
| Retinoblastoma | eye | ||
| Medulloblastoma | |||
| Ewing sarcoma/PNET | clear cytoplasm (glycogen) | bone lesion, adolescents | PAS+/PASD-, CD99 diffuse membranous |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar | rhabdomyocytes (eosinophilic cytoplasm +/-cross striations (uncommon), eccentric nucleus) | adolescents, young adults; often mets at presentation | "DAM" = desmin, actin, myogenin |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma, embryonal | rhabdomyocytes (elongated/cigar-shaped cells, eosinophilic cytoplasm +/-cross striations, eccentric nucleus), nests with rounded border | <10 years old; usu. localized | "DAM" = desmin, actin, myogenin |
| Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT) | nests with "jigsaw" border | peritoneum (abdomen or plevis); male > female; locally invasive | keratin+, EMA+, desmin+ !!! |
| Small cell carcinoma | stippled chromatin, nuclear moulding | adults, smokers | synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56, keratins |
| Lymphoma (large cell) | dyscohesive, ~2x normal (resting) lymphocyte), nucleolus | lymphadenopathy (???) | CD45 |
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/diseases/small_round_blue_cell_tumor.htm. Accessed on: 2 July 2010.