Difference between revisions of "Parathyroid carcinoma"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Parathyroid carcinoma - 1 -- high mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Parathyroid carcinoma. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
| Synonyms = | |||
| Micro = | |||
| Subtypes = | |||
| LMDDx = | |||
| Stains = | |||
| IHC = [[PAX8]] +ve, Ki-67 >6% +ve | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Staging = | |||
| Site = [[parathyroid gland]] | |||
| Assdx = | |||
| Syndromes = familial primary hyperparathyroidism | |||
| Clinicalhx = | |||
| Signs = | |||
| Symptoms = | |||
| Prevalence = very rare | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
| Rads = | |||
| Endoscopy = | |||
| Prognosis = poor | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = [[parathyroid adenoma]], [[parathyroid hyperplasia]], [[thyroid cancer]] | |||
| Tx = surgical excision | |||
}} | |||
'''Parathyroid carcinoma''' is a rare epithelial malignancy of the [[parathyroid gland]]. | '''Parathyroid carcinoma''' is a rare epithelial malignancy of the [[parathyroid gland]]. | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
*Extremely rare. | *Extremely rare. | ||
*May be seen in the context of ''familial primary hyperparathyroidism'' (PHPT).<ref name=pmid28949121>{{Cite journal | last1 = Cetani | first1 = F. | last2 = Pardi | first2 = E. | last3 = Marcocci | first3 = C. | title = Parathyroid carcinoma: a clinical and genetic perspective. | journal = Minerva Endocrinol | volume = 43 | issue = 2 | pages = 144-155 | month = Jun | year = 2018 | doi = 10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02737-7 | PMID = 28949121 }}</ref> | |||
==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
| Line 37: | Line 70: | ||
*Ki-67 >6% of cells positive - supports diagnosis.<ref name=pmid7860042>{{Cite journal | last1 = Abbona | first1 = GC. | last2 = Papotti | first2 = M. | last3 = Gasparri | first3 = G. | last4 = Bussolati | first4 = G. | title = Proliferative activity in parathyroid tumors as detected by Ki-67 immunostaining. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 135-8 | month = Feb | year = 1995 | doi = | PMID = 7860042 }}</ref> | *Ki-67 >6% of cells positive - supports diagnosis.<ref name=pmid7860042>{{Cite journal | last1 = Abbona | first1 = GC. | last2 = Papotti | first2 = M. | last3 = Gasparri | first3 = G. | last4 = Bussolati | first4 = G. | title = Proliferative activity in parathyroid tumors as detected by Ki-67 immunostaining. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 135-8 | month = Feb | year = 1995 | doi = | PMID = 7860042 }}</ref> | ||
**Parathyroid adenomas and hyperplasias ~ 3%. | **Parathyroid adenomas and hyperplasias ~ 3%. | ||
*[[PAX8]] +ve.<ref name=pmid22498579>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ordóñez | first1 = NG. | title = Value of PAX 8 immunostaining in tumor diagnosis: a review and update. | journal = Adv Anat Pathol | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 140-51 | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1097/PAP.0b013e318253465d | PMID = 22498579 }}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 04:08, 11 June 2019
| Parathyroid carcinoma | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Parathyroid carcinoma. H&E stain. | |
| IHC | PAX8 +ve, Ki-67 >6% +ve |
| Site | parathyroid gland |
|
| |
| Syndromes | familial primary hyperparathyroidism |
|
| |
| Prevalence | very rare |
| Prognosis | poor |
| Clin. DDx | parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, thyroid cancer |
| Treatment | surgical excision |
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare epithelial malignancy of the parathyroid gland.
General
- Extremely rare.
- May be seen in the context of familial primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).[1]
Microscopic
Features:[2]
- Histologically normal parathyroid cells.
- Cytologic features not reliable for diagnosis.
- Fibrous capsule.
- Invasion of surrounding tissue - key feature.
- +/-Metastasis - diagnostic feature.
Note:
- Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma is like that of malignant pheochromocytoma - cytology useless, tissue invasion and metastases are the key features.
Images
PC - low mag. (WC)
PC - intermed. mag. (WC)
PC - intermed. mag. (WC)
PC - high mag. (WC)
PC - very high mag. (WC)
PC - low mag. (WC)
PC - intermed. mag. (WC)
PC - very low mag. (WC)
PC - low mag. (WC)
PC - intermed. mag. (WC)
PC - high mag. (WC)
IHC
- Ki-67 >6% of cells positive - supports diagnosis.[3]
- Parathyroid adenomas and hyperplasias ~ 3%.
- PAX8 +ve.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ Cetani, F.; Pardi, E.; Marcocci, C. (Jun 2018). "Parathyroid carcinoma: a clinical and genetic perspective.". Minerva Endocrinol 43 (2): 144-155. doi:10.23736/S0391-1977.17.02737-7. PMID 28949121.
- ↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson; Aster, Jon (2009). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 1128. ISBN 978-1416031215.
- ↑ Abbona, GC.; Papotti, M.; Gasparri, G.; Bussolati, G. (Feb 1995). "Proliferative activity in parathyroid tumors as detected by Ki-67 immunostaining.". Hum Pathol 26 (2): 135-8. PMID 7860042.
- ↑ Ordóñez, NG. (May 2012). "Value of PAX 8 immunostaining in tumor diagnosis: a review and update.". Adv Anat Pathol 19 (3): 140-51. doi:10.1097/PAP.0b013e318253465d. PMID 22498579.