Difference between revisions of "Nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio"

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[[Image:Small_cell_lung_cancer_-_cytology.jpg|thumb|200px|Cells with a high NC ratio ([[small cell carcinoma]]).]]
'''Nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio''', also '''nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio''', is the relative size of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.  It is commonly abbreviated '''NC ratio'''.
'''Nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio''', also '''nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio''', is the relative size of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.  It is commonly abbreviated '''NC ratio'''.


High NC ratio is strong predictor of malignancy.<ref name=pmid16556320>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Mehrotra | first1 = R. | last2 = Gupta | first2 = A. | last3 = Singh | first3 = M. | last4 = Ibrahim | first4 = R. | title = Application of cytology and molecular biology in diagnosing premalignant or malignant oral lesions. | journal = Mol Cancer | volume = 5 | issue =  | pages = 11 | month =  | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1186/1476-4598-5-11 | PMID = 16556320 | URL = http://www.biomedcentral.com/1476-4598/5/11 }}
High NC ratio is a strong predictor of [[malignancy]].<ref name=pmid16556320>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Mehrotra | first1 = R. | last2 = Gupta | first2 = A. | last3 = Singh | first3 = M. | last4 = Ibrahim | first4 = R. | title = Application of cytology and molecular biology in diagnosing premalignant or malignant oral lesions. | journal = Mol Cancer | volume = 5 | issue =  | pages = 11 | month =  | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1186/1476-4598-5-11 | PMID = 16556320 | URL = http://www.biomedcentral.com/1476-4598/5/11 }}
</ref>  Like very rule, there are exceptions:
</ref>  Like very rule, there are exceptions.


High NC ratio in normal cells:
NC ratio is a better predictor of malignancy than increased nuclear size.
 
===High NC ratio in normal cells===
*Lymphocytes.
*Lymphocytes.


Low NC ratio in cancer:
===Low NC ratio in cancer===
*[[Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma]].
*[[Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma]].
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
*[[Acinic cell carcinoma]].
*Many others.


The classic malignant high NC ratio cell is:
===High NC ratio in cancer===
*[[Small cell carcinoma]].
The classic malignant high NC ratio cell is [[small cell carcinoma]], which is in the large ''[[small round cell tumour]]'' group.
*Many other tumours - see ''[[A long differential diagnosis of small blue cell tumours]]''.
*Preoperative treatment may increase NC ratio - example: pituitary adenoma under bromocriptine treatment.<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nissim | first1 = M. | last2 = Ambrosi | first2 = B. | last3 = Bernasconi | first3 = V. | last4 = Giannattasio | first4 = G. | last5 = Giovanelli | first5 = MA. | last6 = Bassetti | first6 = M. | last7 = Vaccari | first7 = U. | last8 = Moriondo | first8 = P. | last9 = Spada | first9 = A. | title = Bromocriptine treatment of macroprolactinomas: studies on the time course of tumor shrinkage and morphology. | journal = J Endocrinol Invest | volume = 5 | issue = 6 | pages = 409-15 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1007/BF03350542 | PMID = 7169515 }}</ref>


Other malignant high NC ratio tumours are the [[small round cell tumour]]s.
===Atypical cells with a normal NC ratio===
*[[Radiation changes]] - [[clinical history]] is important!
*Many tumours.


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Nuclear pleomorphism]].
*[[Nuclear pleomorphism]].
*[[Nuclear atypia]].
*[[Basics]].
*[[Cytologic features and malignancy]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 06:23, 19 May 2016

Cells with a high NC ratio (small cell carcinoma).

Nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, also nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, is the relative size of the nucleus to the cytoplasm. It is commonly abbreviated NC ratio.

High NC ratio is a strong predictor of malignancy.[1] Like very rule, there are exceptions.

NC ratio is a better predictor of malignancy than increased nuclear size.

High NC ratio in normal cells

  • Lymphocytes.

Low NC ratio in cancer

High NC ratio in cancer

The classic malignant high NC ratio cell is small cell carcinoma, which is in the large small round cell tumour group.

Atypical cells with a normal NC ratio

See also

References

  1. Mehrotra, R.; Gupta, A.; Singh, M.; Ibrahim, R. (2006). "Application of cytology and molecular biology in diagnosing premalignant or malignant oral lesions.". Mol Cancer 5: 11. doi:10.1186/1476-4598-5-11. PMID 16556320.
  2. Nissim, M.; Ambrosi, B.; Bernasconi, V.; Giannattasio, G.; Giovanelli, MA.; Bassetti, M.; Vaccari, U.; Moriondo, P. et al. "Bromocriptine treatment of macroprolactinomas: studies on the time course of tumor shrinkage and morphology.". J Endocrinol Invest 5 (6): 409-15. doi:10.1007/BF03350542. PMID 7169515.