Calcification
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
Calcification is the formation of a calcium salt. It often happens in tissue.
Classification
It is typically classified as:[1]
- Dystrophic calcification.
- Metastatic calcification.
Dystrophic calcification
General
Examples - calcification in:
Image
Metastatic calcification
General
Causes of elevated calcium - mnemonic GRIMED:[3][4]
- Granulomatous disease, e.g. tuberculosis, sarcoidosis.
- Renal failure.
- Immobility.
- Malignancy, e.g. metastases to bone, multiple myeloma.
- Endocrine disorders - especially those that elevate PTH.
- Drugs.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 20-21. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Novaro, GM.; Griffin, BP. (May 2003). "Calcific aortic stenosis: another face of atherosclerosis?". Cleve Clin J Med 70 (5): 471-7. PMID 12779138.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon (2011). Pocket Companion to Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.). Elsevier Saunders. pp. 21. ISBN 978-1416054542.
- ↑ Shiau, Carolyn; Toren, Andrew (2006). Toronto Notes 2006: Comprehensive Medical Reference (Review for MCCQE 1 and USMLE Step 2) (22nd edition (2006) ed.). Toronto Notes for Medical Students, Inc.. pp. Emerg.. ISBN 978-0968592861.