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Difference between revisions of "Ovarian tumours"
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
===The Latta rule of fives=== | ===The Latta rule of fives=== | ||
Can be divided as follows:<ref>PBoD | Can be divided as follows:<ref name=Ref_PBoD1093>{{Ref PBoD|1093}}</ref><ref>LAE. 22 October 2009.</ref> | ||
# Surface epithelial tumours (most common). | # Surface epithelial tumours (most common). | ||
# Sex cord stromal tumours (SCSTs). | # Sex cord stromal tumours (SCSTs). | ||
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==Surface epithelial tumours== | ==Surface epithelial tumours== | ||
Most common subtypes - in short:<ref>PBoD | Most common subtypes - in short:<ref>{{Ref PBoD|1096-7}}</ref> | ||
*Serous: | *Serous: | ||
**Columnar cells. | **Columnar cells. | ||
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**Many papillae. | **Many papillae. | ||
=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD1096>{{Ref PBoD |1096}}</ref> | |||
*Tubal like epithelium: | *Tubal like epithelium: | ||
**Ciliated. | **Ciliated. | ||
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==Mucinous tumours== | ==Mucinous tumours== | ||
*May arise in [[endometriosis]]<ref>PBoD | *May arise in [[endometriosis]].<ref name=Ref_PBoD1097>{{Ref PBoD |1097}}</ref> | ||
===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
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==Clear cell adenocarcinoma== | ==Clear cell adenocarcinoma== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
* Thought to be related to endometrioid carcinoma.<ref>PBoD | * Thought to be related to endometrioid carcinoma.<ref name=Ref_PBoD1098>{{Ref PBoD |1098}}</ref> | ||
** Increased risk of CC adenoca in people with endometriosis. | ** Increased risk of CC adenoca in people with endometriosis. | ||
* Worse prognosis vs. other surface epithelial tumours<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hauptmann S, Köbel M |title=[Prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma] |language=German |journal=Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol |volume=89 |issue= |pages=92-100 |year=2005 |pmid=18035678 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * Worse prognosis vs. other surface epithelial tumours<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hauptmann S, Köbel M |title=[Prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma] |language=German |journal=Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol |volume=89 |issue= |pages=92-100 |year=2005 |pmid=18035678 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
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===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
Features: | Features: | ||
*Nests of transitional epithelium.<ref>PBoD | *Nests of transitional epithelium.<ref name=Ref_PBoD1098>{{Ref PBoD|1098}}</ref> | ||
*"Coffee bean nucleus". | *"Coffee bean nucleus". | ||
**Elliptical shape (nucleus). | **Elliptical shape (nucleus). | ||
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==Dysgerminoma== | ==Dysgerminoma== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
* Female counterpart of [[seminoma]]<ref>PBoD | * Female counterpart of [[seminoma]]<ref>{{Ref PBoD|1101}}</ref> -- look the same; see ''[[testis]] article''. | ||
===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
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===IHC=== | ===IHC=== | ||
* Inhibin positive.<ref>PBoD | * Inhibin positive.<ref name=Ref_PBoD1102>{{Ref PBoD|1102}}</ref> | ||
** Inhibin negative in ''[[Brenner tumour]]''. | ** Inhibin negative in ''[[Brenner tumour]]''. | ||
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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Part of Meigs syndrome (mnemonic ''FAR'': fibroma, ascites, right pleural effusion). | *Part of Meigs syndrome (mnemonic ''FAR'': fibroma, ascites, right pleural effusion). | ||
* | *Associated with [[basal cell nevus syndrome]].<ref name=Ref_PBoD1103>{{Ref PBoD |1103}}</ref> | ||
===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
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*AKA androblastoma. | *AKA androblastoma. | ||
===Microscopy<ref>PBoD | ===Microscopy=== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD1103>{{Ref PBoD|1103}}</ref> | |||
* Tubules with Sertoli or Leydig cells + stroma. | * Tubules with Sertoli or Leydig cells + stroma. | ||
* +/- Sarcomatous features (mucinous glands, bone, cartilage). | * +/- Sarcomatous features (mucinous glands, bone, cartilage). | ||
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===Microscopy=== | ===Microscopy=== | ||
*Immature germ cells resembling Sertoli cells and granulosa cells.<ref>PBoD | *Immature germ cells resembling Sertoli cells and granulosa cells.<ref name=Ref_PBoD1104>{{Ref PBoD|1104}}</ref> | ||
==Metastatic ovarian tumours== | ==Metastatic ovarian tumours== | ||