Embryonal carcinoma

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Embryonal carcinoma
Diagnosis in short

Embryonal carcinoma. H&E stain.

LM vesicular nuclei, nuclear overlap, necrosis (common), mitoses, variable architecture (tubulopapillary, glandular, solid, embryoid bodies)
LM DDx seminoma, mixed germ cell tumour, yolk sac tumour, other carcinomas
IHC CD30 +ve, AE1/AE3 +ve
Site testis, ovary, mediastinum

Signs testicular mass, pelvic mass

Embryonal carcinoma is a type of germ cell tumour. It is commonly as a component of mixed germ cell tumours.

General

  • Affects young adults.
    • May be seen in women.

Gross

Microscopic

Features:[2]

  1. Nucleoli - key feature.
  2. Vesicular nuclei (clear, empty appearing nuclei) - key feature.
  3. Nuclei overlap.
  4. Necrosis - common.
    • Not commonly present in seminoma.
  5. Indistinct cell borders
  6. Mitoses - common.
  7. Variable architecture:
    • Tubulopapillary.
    • Glandular.
    • Solid.
    • Embryoid bodies - ball of cells in surrounded by empty space on three sides.

Notes:

  • Cytoplasmic staining variable (eosinophilic to basophilic).

DDx:

Images

IHC

  • AE1/AE3 +ve.
  • CD30 +ve.
  • OCT3/4 +ve.[3]
  • D2-40 -ve.[3]
    • Useful for discriminating from seminoma.

See also

References

  1. Yalçın, B.; Demir, HA.; Tanyel, FC.; Akçören, Z.; Varan, A.; Akyüz, C.; Kutluk, T.; Büyükpamukçu, M. (Oct 2012). "Mediastinal germ cell tumors in childhood.". Pediatr Hematol Oncol 29 (7): 633-42. doi:10.3109/08880018.2012.713084. PMID 22877235.
  2. Zhou, Ming; Magi-Galluzzi, Cristina (2006). Genitourinary Pathology: A Volume in Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series (1st ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 549. ISBN 978-0443066771.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Iczkowski, KA.; Butler, SL.; Shanks, JH.; Hossain, D.; Schall, A.; Meiers, I.; Zhou, M.; Torkko, KC. et al. (Feb 2008). "Trials of new germ cell immunohistochemical stains in 93 extragonadal and metastatic germ cell tumors.". Hum Pathol 39 (2): 275-81. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2007.07.002. PMID 18045648.